See obumbren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "obumbrer",
"4": "",
"5": "to overshadow"
},
"expansion": "Old French obumbrer (“to overshadow”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "obumbrō",
"4": "",
"5": "to overshadow"
},
"expansion": "Latin obumbrō (“to overshadow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French obumbrer (“to overshadow”), from Latin obumbrō (“to overshadow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yobumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "obumbren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "obumbr"
},
"expansion": "obumbren (third-person singular simple present obumbreth, present participle obumbrende, obumbrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle obumbred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obumbr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to overshadow"
],
"id": "en-obumbren-enm-verb-hfVIilOi",
"links": [
[
"countries",
"countries"
],
[
"overshadow",
"overshadow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of countries) to overshadow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of countries"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to spread like a shadow over"
],
"id": "en-obumbren-enm-verb-xdg7I9jq",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"shadow",
"shadow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people, with over or to) to spread like a shadow over"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people",
"with over or to"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cover"
],
"id": "en-obumbren-enm-verb-HmfwMVjo",
"links": [
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of eyes) to cover"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of eyes"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to shelter or protect"
],
"id": "en-obumbren-enm-verb-2O~fgkvV",
"links": [
[
"germination",
"germination"
],
[
"beans",
"beans"
],
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of the germination of beans) to shelter or protect"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the germination of beans"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 18 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 13 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 7 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Chaucer\nOr half the blisse who coude wryte or tel\nWhan the holy goost to thee was obumbred"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be caused to overshadow (a reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ)"
],
"id": "en-obumbren-enm-verb-u42b5bio",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"reference",
"reference"
],
[
"causative",
"causative"
],
[
"role",
"role"
],
[
"Holy Spirit",
"Holy Spirit"
],
[
"Virgin Mary",
"Virgin Mary"
],
[
"conception",
"conception"
],
[
"Christ",
"Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, in passive, to be obumbred to) to be caused to overshadow (a reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in passive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈbumbrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbumbrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboumbren"
}
],
"word": "obumbren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "obumbrer",
"4": "",
"5": "to overshadow"
},
"expansion": "Old French obumbrer (“to overshadow”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "obumbrō",
"4": "",
"5": "to overshadow"
},
"expansion": "Latin obumbrō (“to overshadow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French obumbrer (“to overshadow”), from Latin obumbrō (“to overshadow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yobumbred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "obumbren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "obumbr"
},
"expansion": "obumbren (third-person singular simple present obumbreth, present participle obumbrende, obumbrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle obumbred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obumbr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to overshadow"
],
"links": [
[
"countries",
"countries"
],
[
"overshadow",
"overshadow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of countries) to overshadow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of countries"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to spread like a shadow over"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"shadow",
"shadow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people, with over or to) to spread like a shadow over"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people",
"with over or to"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cover"
],
"links": [
[
"eyes",
"eyes"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of eyes) to cover"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of eyes"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to shelter or protect"
],
"links": [
[
"germination",
"germination"
],
[
"beans",
"beans"
],
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of the germination of beans) to shelter or protect"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the germination of beans"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Chaucer\nOr half the blisse who coude wryte or tel\nWhan the holy goost to thee was obumbred"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be caused to overshadow (a reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"reference",
"reference"
],
[
"causative",
"causative"
],
[
"role",
"role"
],
[
"Holy Spirit",
"Holy Spirit"
],
[
"Virgin Mary",
"Virgin Mary"
],
[
"conception",
"conception"
],
[
"Christ",
"Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, in passive, to be obumbred to) to be caused to overshadow (a reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in passive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈbumbrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbumbrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aboumbren"
}
],
"word": "obumbren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for obumbren meaning in Middle English (5.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Christianity, in passive, to be obumbred to",
"path": [
"obumbren"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "obumbren",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Christianity, in passive, to be obumbred to",
"path": [
"obumbren"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "obumbren",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.