"mate" meaning in Middle English

See mate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of mat (“checkmate”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: mat (extra: checkmate)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-adj-h5Br9nBK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Adjective

Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of mat (“tired”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: mat (extra: tired)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-adj-Kk~kDG5E
  2. inflection of mat:
    weak singular
    Tags: form-of, singular, weak Form of: mat
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-adj-gZxHLMeq
  3. inflection of mat:
    strong/weak plural
    Tags: form-of Form of: mat
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-adj-OQ22eqlR
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Interjection

Head templates: {{head|enm|interjection|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of mat (“checkmate”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: mat (extra: checkmate)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-intj-h5Br9nBK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Noun

IPA: /ˈmaːt(ə)/ Forms: mates [plural], mat [alternative], mayte [alternative]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Germanic *ga- Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der. Proto-Germanic *matiz Proto-Germanic *matjô Proto-West Germanic *gamatjôder. Old Saxon gimatoder. Middle Low German matebor. Middle English mate From Middle Low German mate (“messmate”), from Old Saxon gimato, from Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō. Doublet of mette. The Middle Low German term was introduced to England via the cross‐cultural commercial networks of the Hanseatic League. Originally adopted as professional maritime and merchant jargon for a shipmate or trading partner, its prestige in the North Sea trade eventually caused it to displace the native doublet mette (“table companion”). Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:bor|gml:mate<t:messmate><ety:der<osx:gimato<ety:der<gmw-pro:*gamatjô<ety:af<gem-pro:*ga-<aftype:prefix>><gem-pro:*matjô<ety:from<gem-pro:*matiz>>>>>>>>|id=noun|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Germanic *ga- Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der. Proto-Germanic *matiz Proto-Germanic *matjô Proto-West Germanic *gamatjôder. Old Saxon gimatoder. Middle Low German matebor. Middle English mate [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "messmate", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "beside", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "here", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱe", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱóm", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*ga-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "wet", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*meh₂d-", "gloss" : "to be wet; grease, fat", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*matiz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*matjô", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*gamatjô", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Saxon", "term" : "gimato", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "osx" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle Low German", "term" : "mate", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "gml" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "mate", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="noun" data-lang="enm" data-title="mate" id="Middle_English:_noun">, {{bor|enm|gml|mate|t=messmate}} Middle Low German mate (“messmate”), {{der|enm|osx|gimato}} Old Saxon gimato, {{der|enm|gmw-pro|*gamatjō}} Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō, {{doublet|enm|mette}} Doublet of mette Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} mate, {{enm-noun}} mate (plural mates)
  1. mate (companion, comrade)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-noun-6LXphble Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymology trees, Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Nautical Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymology trees: 48 11 41 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 62 19 19 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 4 6 7 8 21 3 11 7 13 11 Disambiguation of Nautical: 4 4 4 7 4 35 28 4 6 1 0
  2. mate (shipmate)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-noun-Skk~d-zp Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymology trees, Nautical Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymology trees: 48 11 41 Disambiguation of Nautical: 4 4 4 7 4 35 28 4 6 1 0
  3. (rare) person, human Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-noun-Y5p8Z9XZ Categories (other): Middle English entries with etymology trees, Occupations Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymology trees: 48 11 41 Disambiguation of Occupations: 5 5 5 13 5 13 4 46 2 2 0
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of mat (“checkmate”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: mat (extra: checkmate)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-noun-h5Br9nBK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of maten (“to checkmate”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: maten (extra: to checkmate)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-verb-CltOEdWR
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|var=1}} mate
  1. alternative form of maten (“to overpower”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: maten (extra: to overpower)
    Sense id: en-mate-enm-verb-nt74zZDY
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "mate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "moude"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "moud"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "maude"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "gml:mate<t:messmate><ety:der<osx:gimato<ety:der<gmw-pro:*gamatjô<ety:af<gem-pro:*ga-<aftype:prefix>><gem-pro:*matjô<ety:from<gem-pro:*matiz>>>>>>>>",
        "id": "noun",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Germanic *ga-\nProto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der.\nProto-Germanic *matiz\nProto-Germanic *matjô\nProto-West Germanic *gamatjôder.\nOld Saxon gimatoder.\nMiddle Low German matebor.\nMiddle English mate\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"messmate\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ga-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"wet\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*meh₂d-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be wet; grease, fat\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*matiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*matjô\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gamatjô\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"gimato\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"mate\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"mate\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"noun\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"mate\" id=\"Middle_English:_noun\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "mate",
        "t": "messmate"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German mate (“messmate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "gimato"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon gimato",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gamatjō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "mette"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of mette",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Germanic *ga-\nProto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der.\nProto-Germanic *matiz\nProto-Germanic *matjô\nProto-West Germanic *gamatjôder.\nOld Saxon gimatoder.\nMiddle Low German matebor.\nMiddle English mate\nFrom Middle Low German mate (“messmate”), from Old Saxon gimato, from Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō. Doublet of mette.\nThe Middle Low German term was introduced to England via the cross‐cultural commercial networks of the Hanseatic League. Originally adopted as professional maritime and merchant jargon for a shipmate or trading partner, its prestige in the North Sea trade eventually caused it to displace the native doublet mette (“table companion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mat",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mayte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mate (plural mates)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 11 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 19 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 4 6 7 8 21 3 11 7 13 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 7 4 35 28 4 6 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nautical",
          "orig": "enm:Nautical",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mate (companion, comrade)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-noun-6LXphble",
      "links": [
        [
          "mate",
          "mate#English"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion#English"
        ],
        [
          "comrade",
          "comrade#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 11 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 7 4 35 28 4 6 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nautical",
          "orig": "enm:Nautical",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mate (shipmate)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-noun-Skk~d-zp",
      "links": [
        [
          "mate",
          "mate#English"
        ],
        [
          "shipmate",
          "shipmate#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 11 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 5 13 5 13 4 46 2 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "enm:Occupations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "person, human"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-noun-Y5p8Z9XZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) person, human"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːt(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "interjection",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-intj-h5Br9nBK",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-noun-h5Br9nBK",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-adj-h5Br9nBK",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tired",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“tired”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-adj-Kk~kDG5E",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_tired"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of mat:",
        "weak singular"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-adj-gZxHLMeq",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of mat:",
        "strong/weak plural"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-adj-OQ22eqlR",
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "4",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to checkmate",
          "word": "maten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of maten (“to checkmate”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-verb-CltOEdWR",
      "links": [
        [
          "maten",
          "maten#Middle_English:_to_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "enm:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "5",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to overpower",
          "word": "maten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of maten (“to overpower”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mate-enm-verb-nt74zZDY",
      "links": [
        [
          "maten",
          "maten#Middle_English:_to_overpower"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Saxon",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *meh₂d- (wet)",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "mate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "moude"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "moud"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "maude"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "gml:mate<t:messmate><ety:der<osx:gimato<ety:der<gmw-pro:*gamatjô<ety:af<gem-pro:*ga-<aftype:prefix>><gem-pro:*matjô<ety:from<gem-pro:*matiz>>>>>>>>",
        "id": "noun",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Germanic *ga-\nProto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der.\nProto-Germanic *matiz\nProto-Germanic *matjô\nProto-West Germanic *gamatjôder.\nOld Saxon gimatoder.\nMiddle Low German matebor.\nMiddle English mate\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"messmate\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ga-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"wet\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*meh₂d-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be wet; grease, fat\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*matiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*matjô\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gamatjô\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"gimato\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"mate\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"mate\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"noun\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"mate\" id=\"Middle_English:_noun\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "mate",
        "t": "messmate"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German mate (“messmate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "gimato"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon gimato",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gamatjō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "mette"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of mette",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Germanic *ga-\nProto-Indo-European *meh₂d-der.\nProto-Germanic *matiz\nProto-Germanic *matjô\nProto-West Germanic *gamatjôder.\nOld Saxon gimatoder.\nMiddle Low German matebor.\nMiddle English mate\nFrom Middle Low German mate (“messmate”), from Old Saxon gimato, from Proto-West Germanic *gamatjō. Doublet of mette.\nThe Middle Low German term was introduced to England via the cross‐cultural commercial networks of the Hanseatic League. Originally adopted as professional maritime and merchant jargon for a shipmate or trading partner, its prestige in the North Sea trade eventually caused it to displace the native doublet mette (“table companion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mat",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mayte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mate (plural mates)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mate (companion, comrade)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mate",
          "mate#English"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion#English"
        ],
        [
          "comrade",
          "comrade#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mate (shipmate)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mate",
          "mate#English"
        ],
        [
          "shipmate",
          "shipmate#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "person, human"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) person, human"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːt(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "interjection",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "checkmate",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“checkmate”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "3",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tired",
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of mat (“tired”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English:_tired"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of mat:",
        "weak singular"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "mat"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of mat:",
        "strong/weak plural"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mat",
          "mat#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "4",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to checkmate",
          "word": "maten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of maten (“to checkmate”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "maten",
          "maten#Middle_English:_to_checkmate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjective forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English variant lemmas",
    "Pages with 36 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Nautical",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "5",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "var": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to overpower",
          "word": "maten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of maten (“to overpower”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "maten",
          "maten#Middle_English:_to_overpower"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for mate meaning in Middle English (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.