"loth" meaning in Middle English

See loth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /lɔːθ/ Forms: lother [comparative]
Etymology: From Old English lāþ (“hateful”). Etymology templates: {{der|enm|ang|lāþ||hateful}} Old English lāþ (“hateful”) Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective|||comparative|lother||{{{3}}}|head=}} loth (comparative lother), {{enm-adj||lother}} loth (comparative lother)
  1. loath (averse, disinclined)
    Sense id: en-loth-enm-adj-li9wHFwe Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 39 30 26 5
  2. loath (reluctant, unwilling)
    Sense id: en-loth-enm-adj-EpBuSTZU
  3. hateful, evil, abhorred
    Sense id: en-loth-enm-adj-EXAVEbk2
  4. reluctant
    Sense id: en-loth-enm-adj-8t4TRtcH
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: lothe
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "loath",
            "3": "loth"
          },
          "expansion": "English: loath, loth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: loath, loth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "lotherwite",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Yola: lotherwite",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Yola: lotherwite"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lāþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hateful"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lāþ (“hateful”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English lāþ (“hateful”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lother",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "lother",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "loth (comparative lother)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "lother"
      },
      "expansion": "loth (comparative lother)",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 30 26 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "loath (averse, disinclined)"
      ],
      "id": "en-loth-enm-adj-li9wHFwe",
      "links": [
        [
          "loath",
          "loath"
        ],
        [
          "averse",
          "averse#English"
        ],
        [
          "disinclined",
          "disinclined#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I daresay that there is not a knight of his age in this land better than he is, nor of better qualities and loth to do any wrong and loth to receive any wrong.",
          "ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum Quintum”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IV, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 62, verso; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 124, lines 10–13:",
          "text": "I durſt ſaye that of his age ther is not in this land a better knyghte than he is nor of better condycions and lothe to doo ony wronge / and loth to take ony wronge",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "loath (reluctant, unwilling)"
      ],
      "id": "en-loth-enm-adj-EpBuSTZU",
      "links": [
        [
          "loath",
          "loath"
        ],
        [
          "reluctant",
          "reluctant#English"
        ],
        [
          "unwilling",
          "unwilling#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I have so many idle thoughts / Purely from lack of sleep / That I swear I take no heed / Of anything, whether it comes or goes, / And nothing is either dear to me or hated.",
          "roman": "I have so many an ydel thoght / Purely for defaulte of slepe / That by my trouthe I take no kepe / Of noo thinge how hyt cometh or gooth / Ne me nys no thynge leve nor looth",
          "text": "c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 130r",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hateful, evil, abhorred"
      ],
      "id": "en-loth-enm-adj-EXAVEbk2",
      "links": [
        [
          "hateful",
          "hateful"
        ],
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "abhorred",
          "abhorred"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "reluctant"
      ],
      "id": "en-loth-enm-adj-8t4TRtcH",
      "links": [
        [
          "reluctant",
          "reluctant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɔːθ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lothe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "loth"
}
{
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    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "gd-noun 2",
    "gd:Baby animals",
    "gd:Female animals",
    "gd:Horses"
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          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "loath",
            "3": "loth"
          },
          "expansion": "English: loath, loth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: loath, loth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "lotherwite",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Yola: lotherwite",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Yola: lotherwite"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lāþ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hateful"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lāþ (“hateful”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English lāþ (“hateful”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lother",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "lother",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "loth (comparative lother)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "lother"
      },
      "expansion": "loth (comparative lother)",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "loath (averse, disinclined)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "loath",
          "loath"
        ],
        [
          "averse",
          "averse#English"
        ],
        [
          "disinclined",
          "disinclined#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I daresay that there is not a knight of his age in this land better than he is, nor of better qualities and loth to do any wrong and loth to receive any wrong.",
          "ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum Quintum”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IV, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 62, verso; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 124, lines 10–13:",
          "text": "I durſt ſaye that of his age ther is not in this land a better knyghte than he is nor of better condycions and lothe to doo ony wronge / and loth to take ony wronge",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "loath (reluctant, unwilling)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "loath",
          "loath"
        ],
        [
          "reluctant",
          "reluctant#English"
        ],
        [
          "unwilling",
          "unwilling#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I have so many idle thoughts / Purely from lack of sleep / That I swear I take no heed / Of anything, whether it comes or goes, / And nothing is either dear to me or hated.",
          "roman": "I have so many an ydel thoght / Purely for defaulte of slepe / That by my trouthe I take no kepe / Of noo thinge how hyt cometh or gooth / Ne me nys no thynge leve nor looth",
          "text": "c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 130r",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hateful, evil, abhorred"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hateful",
          "hateful"
        ],
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "abhorred",
          "abhorred"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "reluctant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reluctant",
          "reluctant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɔːθ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "lothe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "loth"
}

Download raw JSONL data for loth meaning in Middle English (3.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.