See light in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for light meaning in Middle English (9.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "light"
},
"expansion": "English: light",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: light"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "leet"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: leet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: leet"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "licht"
},
"expansion": "Scots: licht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: licht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "lhygt"
},
"expansion": "Yola: lhygt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: lhygt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēoht",
"4": "",
"5": "light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēoht (“light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*leuht"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *leuht",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuhtą",
"4": "",
"5": "light"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (“light”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewktom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewktom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "light"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“light”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lēoht (“light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world”), from Proto-West Germanic *leuht, from Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (“light”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewktom, from the root *lewk- (“light”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lightes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "light",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lightes"
},
"expansion": "light (plural lightes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 7 11 2 9 6 20 0 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 5 4 3 17 8 0 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "enm:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 9 3 7 5 16 1 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "enm:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 2 6 3 4 17 5 10 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Vision",
"orig": "enm:Vision",
"parents": [
"Senses",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The radiation which allows for vision by brightening objects and colours."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-dgWtPFpF",
"links": [
[
"radiation",
"radiation"
],
[
"vision",
"vision"
],
[
"brighten",
"brighten"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 21 5 4 3 17 8 0 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "enm:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 9 3 7 5 16 1 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "enm:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Illumination in general, or any source thereof."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-2rPeJwa0",
"links": [
[
"Illumination",
"illumination"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 7 11 2 9 6 20 0 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The metaphorical clarity resulting from philosophical or religious ideals such as truth, wisdom, righteousness, etc."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-S4NpIuSi",
"links": [
[
"clarity",
"clarity"
],
[
"truth",
"truth"
],
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
],
[
"righteousness",
"righteousness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Mental or spiritual acuity; the presence of life in a living being."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-K2QntPgZ",
"links": [
[
"acuity",
"acuity"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "enm:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The property of lustre; how shiny a substance is."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-T1dI7nGc",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"property",
"property"
],
[
"lustre",
"lustre"
],
[
"shiny",
"shiny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) The property of lustre; how shiny a substance is."
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 5 4 3 17 8 0 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "enm:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Heavenly radiance; glory"
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-JNpLfdv3",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"radiance",
"radiance"
],
[
"glory",
"glory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) Heavenly radiance; glory"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "enm:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 7 11 2 9 6 20 0 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 9 3 7 5 16 1 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "enm:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an opening in a wall allowing for the transmission of light; a window."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-l-Y40OBJ",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"window",
"window"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) an opening in a wall allowing for the transmission of light; a window."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sense of sight."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-bYoucX8G",
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"sight",
"sight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 7 11 2 9 6 20 0 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 8 12 2 9 6 18 0 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 5 4 3 17 8 0 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "enm:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 9 3 7 5 16 1 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "enm:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being easily seen."
],
"id": "en-light-enm-noun-E8OuGVr3"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lixt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ixt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lighte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyght"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyghte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liȝt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liȝte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyȝt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyȝte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lijȝt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liȝht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyȝht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyȝhte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liȝth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyȝth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ligt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lygtte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ligth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lihte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyhte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lith"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lithe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lythe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "litht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lyte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lytte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lichte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lict"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "licth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "liste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leoht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loht"
}
],
"word": "light"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ixt",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ixt/1 syllable",
"enm:Light",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Vision"
],
"descendants": [
{
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"templates": [
{
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"2": "light"
},
"expansion": "English: light",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: light"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "leet"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: leet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: leet"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "licht"
},
"expansion": "Scots: licht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: licht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "lhygt"
},
"expansion": "Yola: lhygt",
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}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēoht",
"4": "",
"5": "light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēoht (“light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*leuht"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *leuht",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuhtą",
"4": "",
"5": "light"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (“light”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewktom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewktom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "light"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“light”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lēoht (“light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world”), from Proto-West Germanic *leuht, from Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (“light”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewktom, from the root *lewk- (“light”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lightes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "lightes"
},
"expansion": "light (plural lightes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The radiation which allows for vision by brightening objects and colours."
],
"links": [
[
"radiation",
"radiation"
],
[
"vision",
"vision"
],
[
"brighten",
"brighten"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Illumination in general, or any source thereof."
],
"links": [
[
"Illumination",
"illumination"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The metaphorical clarity resulting from philosophical or religious ideals such as truth, wisdom, righteousness, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"clarity",
"clarity"
],
[
"truth",
"truth"
],
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
],
[
"righteousness",
"righteousness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Mental or spiritual acuity; the presence of life in a living being."
],
"links": [
[
"acuity",
"acuity"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"The property of lustre; how shiny a substance is."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"property",
"property"
],
[
"lustre",
"lustre"
],
[
"shiny",
"shiny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) The property of lustre; how shiny a substance is."
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"Heavenly radiance; glory"
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"radiance",
"radiance"
],
[
"glory",
"glory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) Heavenly radiance; glory"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"an opening in a wall allowing for the transmission of light; a window."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"window",
"window"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) an opening in a wall allowing for the transmission of light; a window."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sense of sight."
],
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"sight",
"sight"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The state of being easily seen."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lixt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ixt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lighte"
},
{
"word": "lyght"
},
{
"word": "lyghte"
},
{
"word": "liȝt"
},
{
"word": "liȝte"
},
{
"word": "lyȝt"
},
{
"word": "lyȝte"
},
{
"word": "lijȝt"
},
{
"word": "liȝht"
},
{
"word": "lyȝht"
},
{
"word": "lyȝhte"
},
{
"word": "liȝth"
},
{
"word": "lyȝth"
},
{
"word": "ligt"
},
{
"word": "lygtte"
},
{
"word": "ligth"
},
{
"word": "liht"
},
{
"word": "lihte"
},
{
"word": "lyht"
},
{
"word": "lyhte"
},
{
"word": "lith"
},
{
"word": "lithe"
},
{
"word": "lyth"
},
{
"word": "lythe"
},
{
"word": "litht"
},
{
"word": "lite"
},
{
"word": "lyte"
},
{
"word": "lit"
},
{
"word": "lytte"
},
{
"word": "lichte"
},
{
"word": "lict"
},
{
"word": "licth"
},
{
"word": "liste"
},
{
"word": "leoht"
},
{
"word": "leocht"
},
{
"word": "loht"
}
],
"word": "light"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.