"holy" meaning in Middle English

See holy in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|hāliġ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English hāliġ, {{inh+|enm|ang|hāliġ}} Inherited from Old English hāliġ, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*hailag}} Proto-West Germanic *hailag, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*hailagaz}} Proto-Germanic *hailagaz, {{af|enm|hool|-y}} hool + -y Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective|plural and weak singular|holye|comparative|holyere|superlative|holyest|head=}} holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest), {{enm-adj|holye|holyere|holyest}} holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest) Forms: holye [plural], holye [singular, weak], holyere [comparative], holyest [superlative], hooly [alternative], holi [alternative], hooli [alternative], holye [alternative], holie [alternative], holly [alternative], hoolly [alternative], holli [alternative], hoolli [alternative], oly [alternative], oli [alternative], wholy [alternative], woly [alternative], hole [alternative], hali [alternative], haly [alternative], hayly [alternative], aly [alternative], ali [alternative], hale [alternative], hely [alternative], heli [alternative], holiȝ [alternative], holiȝe [alternative], holia [alternative], halge [alternative], halege [alternative], halȝe [alternative], hallȝhe [alternative], haliȝ [alternative], haliȝe [alternative], halie [alternative]
  1. Dedicated to or separated for a religious purpose; sacred, consecrated. Categories (topical): Religion
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-adj-gXTf8u6I Disambiguation of Religion: 42 0 0 0 15 43 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -y Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 13 31 31 12 2 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -y: 11 15 27 30 13 4
  2. Characterized by virtue or perfection.
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-adj-Aoes~ZYr Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -y Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 13 31 31 12 2 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -y: 11 15 27 30 13 4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Related terms: halyday, halywater, Holigost, holite, holy bred, holy crosse, holy rode, holy writ, holyhede, holyliche, holynesse, holyschupe, lyfholy, lyfholynesse, pompholy, popholy, þurȝhali

Adjective

Forms: holi [alternative], holly [alternative], holli [alternative]
Etymology: From hol + -y. Etymology templates: {{suf|enm|hol|-y}} hol + -y Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} holy, {{enm-adj}} holy
  1. Full of holes or cavities; porous, spongy; hollow. Derived forms: holinesse
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-adj-IBHbgD3o Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -y Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 2 0 3 3 7 2 19 6 9 20 18 7 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 0 2 2 8 1 17 7 9 22 20 8 1 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 13 31 31 12 2 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -y: 11 15 27 30 13 4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

Etymology: Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|hāliġ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English hāliġ, {{inh+|enm|ang|hāliġ}} Inherited from Old English hāliġ, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*hailag}} Proto-West Germanic *hailag, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*hailagaz}} Proto-Germanic *hailagaz, {{af|enm|hool|-y}} hool + -y Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} holy, {{enm-noun|holies}} holy (plural holies) Forms: holies [plural], hooly [alternative], holi [alternative], hooli [alternative], holye [alternative], holie [alternative], holly [alternative], hoolly [alternative], holli [alternative], hoolli [alternative], oly [alternative], oli [alternative], wholy [alternative], woly [alternative], hole [alternative], hali [alternative], haly [alternative], hayly [alternative], aly [alternative], ali [alternative], hale [alternative], hely [alternative], heli [alternative], holiȝ [alternative], holiȝe [alternative], holia [alternative], halge [alternative], halege [alternative], halȝe [alternative], hallȝhe [alternative], haliȝ [alternative], haliȝe [alternative], halie [alternative]
  1. The state of being holy; holiness.
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-noun-cUjsglM4 Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -y Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 2 0 3 3 7 2 19 6 9 20 18 7 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 0 2 2 8 1 17 7 9 22 20 8 1 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 13 31 31 12 2 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -y: 11 15 27 30 13 4
  2. One who is sanctified or made holy; a saint, hallow Categories (topical): Religion
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-noun-Y4A6KPWT Disambiguation of Religion: 42 0 0 0 15 43 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -y Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 13 31 31 12 2 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -y: 11 15 27 30 13 4
  3. A sacred place; a sanctuary Categories (topical): Religion
    Sense id: en-holy-enm-noun-PMl~w11- Disambiguation of Religion: 42 0 0 0 15 43
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: alle goddis holy, holy of holies
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "haly",
            "3": "halie"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: haly, halie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: haly, halie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "holly",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: holly, holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: holly, holy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ"
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      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hailag"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hailag",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hailagaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hailagaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hool",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hool + -y",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holyere",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holyest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wholy",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "woly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hayly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hely",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "heli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halge",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halege",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hallȝhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "plural and weak singular",
        "4": "holye",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "holyere",
        "7": "superlative",
        "8": "holyest",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "holye",
        "2": "holyere",
        "3": "holyest"
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest)",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "halyday"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "halywater"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Holigost"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holite"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holy bred"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holy crosse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holy rode"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holy writ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holyhede"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holyliche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holynesse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "holyschupe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lyfholy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lyfholynesse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pompholy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "popholy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "þurȝhali"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 31 31 12 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 15 27 30 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 0 0 0 15 43",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Dedicated to or separated for a religious purpose; sacred, consecrated."
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-adj-gXTf8u6I",
      "links": [
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ],
        [
          "consecrated",
          "consecrated"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 31 31 12 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 15 27 30 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[…] of the most holy living, and the best-taught and wisest heavenly wisdom […]",
          "ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 37:",
          "text": "[…]of moost holi lyuynge, and best taught and moost wyse of heuenly wysdom[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Characterized by virtue or perfection."
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-adj-Aoes~ZYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "virtue",
          "virtue"
        ],
        [
          "perfection",
          "perfection"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "alle goddis holy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "holy of holies"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ",
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    },
    {
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hailagaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hailagaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hool",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hool + -y",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wholy",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "woly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hayly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hely",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "heli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halge",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halege",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hallȝhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "holies"
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural holies)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 0 3 3 7 2 19 6 9 20 18 7 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 0 2 2 8 1 17 7 9 22 20 8 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 31 31 12 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 15 27 30 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being holy; holiness."
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-noun-cUjsglM4",
      "links": [
        [
          "holy",
          "holy#English"
        ],
        [
          "holiness",
          "holiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 31 31 12 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 15 27 30 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 0 0 0 15 43",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who is sanctified or made holy; a saint, hallow"
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-noun-Y4A6KPWT",
      "links": [
        [
          "saint",
          "saint"
        ],
        [
          "hallow",
          "hallow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 0 0 0 15 43",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A sacred place; a sanctuary"
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-noun-PMl~w11-",
      "links": [
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ],
        [
          "sanctuary",
          "sanctuary"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holey"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holey",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holey"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hol",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hol + -y",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From hol + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 0 3 3 7 2 19 6 9 20 18 7 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 0 2 2 8 1 17 7 9 22 20 8 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 31 31 12 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 15 27 30 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "holinesse"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Full of holes or cavities; porous, spongy; hollow."
      ],
      "id": "en-holy-enm-adj-IBHbgD3o",
      "links": [
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ],
        [
          "cavit",
          "cavity"
        ],
        [
          "porous",
          "porous"
        ],
        [
          "spongy",
          "spongy"
        ],
        [
          "hollow",
          "hollow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holy"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "haly",
            "3": "halie"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: haly, halie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: haly, halie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "holly",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: holly, holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: holly, holy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hailag"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hailag",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hailagaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hailagaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hool",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hool + -y",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holyere",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holyest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wholy",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "woly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hayly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hely",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "heli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halge",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halege",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hallȝhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "plural and weak singular",
        "4": "holye",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "holyere",
        "7": "superlative",
        "8": "holyest",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "holye",
        "2": "holyere",
        "3": "holyest"
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest)",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "halyday"
    },
    {
      "word": "halywater"
    },
    {
      "word": "Holigost"
    },
    {
      "word": "holite"
    },
    {
      "word": "holy bred"
    },
    {
      "word": "holy crosse"
    },
    {
      "word": "holy rode"
    },
    {
      "word": "holy writ"
    },
    {
      "word": "holyhede"
    },
    {
      "word": "holyliche"
    },
    {
      "word": "holynesse"
    },
    {
      "word": "holyschupe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyfholy"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyfholynesse"
    },
    {
      "word": "pompholy"
    },
    {
      "word": "popholy"
    },
    {
      "word": "þurȝhali"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Dedicated to or separated for a religious purpose; sacred, consecrated."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ],
        [
          "consecrated",
          "consecrated"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[…] of the most holy living, and the best-taught and wisest heavenly wisdom […]",
          "ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 37:",
          "text": "[…]of moost holi lyuynge, and best taught and moost wyse of heuenly wysdom[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Characterized by virtue or perfection."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "virtue",
          "virtue"
        ],
        [
          "perfection",
          "perfection"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "alle goddis holy"
    },
    {
      "word": "holy of holies"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holy"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holy",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hāliġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hailag"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hailag",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hailagaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hailagaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hool",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hool + -y",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hooli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hoolli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wholy",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "woly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hole",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hayly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ali",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hale",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hely",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "heli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holiȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halge",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halege",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hallȝhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haliȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "halie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "holies"
      },
      "expansion": "holy (plural holies)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being holy; holiness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "holy",
          "holy#English"
        ],
        [
          "holiness",
          "holiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One who is sanctified or made holy; a saint, hallow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saint",
          "saint"
        ],
        [
          "hallow",
          "hallow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A sacred place; a sanctuary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sacred",
          "sacred"
        ],
        [
          "sanctuary",
          "sanctuary"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -y",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "holinesse"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "holey"
          },
          "expansion": "English: holey",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: holey"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hol",
        "3": "-y"
      },
      "expansion": "hol + -y",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From hol + -y.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holly",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "holli",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "holy",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Full of holes or cavities; porous, spongy; hollow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ],
        [
          "cavit",
          "cavity"
        ],
        [
          "porous",
          "porous"
        ],
        [
          "spongy",
          "spongy"
        ],
        [
          "hollow",
          "hollow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holy"
}

Download raw JSONL data for holy meaning in Middle English (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.