See feal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "feall",
"3": "fiall"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: feall, fiall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: feall, fiall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "feal",
"3": "feele",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "feal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: feal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: feal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "feal",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "faithful"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Anglo-Norman feal (“faithful”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "fidēlis"
},
"expansion": "Latin fidēlis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fe",
"3": "-al",
"t1": "fee"
},
"expansion": "fe (“fee”) + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Anglo-Norman feal (“faithful”), earlier fedeil, from Latin fidēlis; compare feaute.\nIn Middle English, reinterpreted as fe (“fee”) + -al, influencing both the sense and form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "feal",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "Early Scots",
"3": "Scots law"
},
"expansion": "(Early Scots, Scots law)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 11 1 3 5 0 19 10 11 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 0 1 1 0 21 23 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "enm:Feudalism",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 37 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "enm:Money",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 36 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Scots law",
"orig": "enm:Scots law",
"parents": [
"Law",
"Scotland",
"Justice",
"United Kingdom",
"Society",
"British Isles",
"Europe",
"All topics",
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"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stipend or allowance given to someone."
],
"id": "en-feal-enm-noun-i4stpqwA",
"links": [
[
"stipend",
"stipend"
],
[
"allowance",
"allowance"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 3 0 1 0 17 13 10 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Scots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 0 1 1 0 21 23 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "enm:Feudalism",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ownership of land under feudalism."
],
"id": "en-feal-enm-noun-GwoRd6i4",
"links": [
[
"Ownership",
"ownership"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"feudalism",
"feudalism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Ownership of land under feudalism."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "enm:Feudalism",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fealty; feudal allegiance, fidelity, or loyalty."
],
"id": "en-feal-enm-noun-7-mSbvcr",
"links": [
[
"Fealty",
"fealty"
],
[
"allegiance",
"allegiance"
],
[
"fidelity",
"fidelity"
],
[
"loyalty",
"loyalty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Fealty; feudal allegiance, fidelity, or loyalty."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/feːˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfeːal/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "feale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "feall"
}
],
"word": "feal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Early Scots",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -al",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Feudalism",
"enm:Money",
"enm:Scots law"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "feall",
"3": "fiall"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: feall, fiall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: feall, fiall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "feal",
"3": "feele",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "feal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: feal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: feal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "feal",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "faithful"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Anglo-Norman feal (“faithful”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "fidēlis"
},
"expansion": "Latin fidēlis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fe",
"3": "-al",
"t1": "fee"
},
"expansion": "fe (“fee”) + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Anglo-Norman feal (“faithful”), earlier fedeil, from Latin fidēlis; compare feaute.\nIn Middle English, reinterpreted as fe (“fee”) + -al, influencing both the sense and form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "feal",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "Early Scots",
"3": "Scots law"
},
"expansion": "(Early Scots, Scots law)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stipend or allowance given to someone."
],
"links": [
[
"stipend",
"stipend"
],
[
"allowance",
"allowance"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Ownership of land under feudalism."
],
"links": [
[
"Ownership",
"ownership"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"feudalism",
"feudalism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Ownership of land under feudalism."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Fealty; feudal allegiance, fidelity, or loyalty."
],
"links": [
[
"Fealty",
"fealty"
],
[
"allegiance",
"allegiance"
],
[
"fidelity",
"fidelity"
],
[
"loyalty",
"loyalty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Fealty; feudal allegiance, fidelity, or loyalty."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/feːˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfeːal/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feale"
},
{
"word": "feall"
}
],
"word": "feal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for feal meaning in Middle English (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.