See eschewen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eschew"
},
"expansion": "English: eschew",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: eschew"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "eschiver"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman eschiver",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*skiuhijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *skiuhijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skewen",
"id1": "to run diagonally",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "to run diagonally"
},
"expansion": "doublet of skewen (“to run diagonally”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman eschiver, from Frankish *skiuhijan; a doublet of skewen (“to run diagonally”). Compare enchewen and, more distantly, schey.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "escheweth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yeschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "eschewen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "eschew"
},
"expansion": "eschewen (third-person singular simple present escheweth, present participle eschewende, eschewynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle eschewed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eschew"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 9 21 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 13 15 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 7 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 1 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 9 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To avoid or eschew (a behaviour, person, place, or situation)"
],
"id": "en-eschewen-enm-verb-JaGaZGOD",
"links": [
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"eschew",
"eschew"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"place",
"place#English"
],
[
"situation",
"situation#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To escape or avoid attack, peril or harm."
],
"id": "en-eschewen-enm-verb-PQ9KTdZ3",
"links": [
[
"escape",
"escape"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To attempt to escape peril or harm."
],
"id": "en-eschewen-enm-verb-BOjCvoVk",
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attempt to escape peril or harm."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To recommend or encourage a situation."
],
"id": "en-eschewen-enm-verb-Kmz4YD1U",
"links": [
[
"recommend",
"recommend"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To recommend or encourage a situation."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ(s)ˈt͡ʃiu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛˈʃiu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛˈskiu̯ən/",
"tags": [
"possibly"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "echue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eþchewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "escheewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "escheu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschuen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschuie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschuwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eschywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esshew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "exchewe"
}
],
"word": "eschewen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Human behaviour",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "eschew"
},
"expansion": "English: eschew",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: eschew"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "eschiver"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman eschiver",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*skiuhijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *skiuhijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skewen",
"id1": "to run diagonally",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "to run diagonally"
},
"expansion": "doublet of skewen (“to run diagonally”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman eschiver, from Frankish *skiuhijan; a doublet of skewen (“to run diagonally”). Compare enchewen and, more distantly, schey.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "escheweth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "escheweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yeschewed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "eschewen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "eschew"
},
"expansion": "eschewen (third-person singular simple present escheweth, present participle eschewende, eschewynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle eschewed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eschew"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To avoid or eschew (a behaviour, person, place, or situation)"
],
"links": [
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"eschew",
"eschew"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"place",
"place#English"
],
[
"situation",
"situation#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To escape or avoid attack, peril or harm."
],
"links": [
[
"escape",
"escape"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To attempt to escape peril or harm."
],
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attempt to escape peril or harm."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To recommend or encourage a situation."
],
"links": [
[
"recommend",
"recommend"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To recommend or encourage a situation."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ(s)ˈt͡ʃiu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛˈʃiu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛˈskiu̯ən/",
"tags": [
"possibly"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "echue"
},
{
"word": "eþchewe"
},
{
"word": "escheewe"
},
{
"word": "escheu"
},
{
"word": "eschew"
},
{
"word": "eschewe"
},
{
"word": "eschu"
},
{
"word": "eschue"
},
{
"word": "eschuen"
},
{
"word": "eschuie"
},
{
"word": "eschuwe"
},
{
"word": "eschywe"
},
{
"word": "esshew"
},
{
"word": "exchewe"
}
],
"word": "eschewen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for eschewen meaning in Middle English (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.