See elf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "English: elf",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: elf (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Scots: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: elf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Yola: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: elf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Old English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English elf, Anglian form of ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "elf",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "elves"
},
"expansion": "elf (plural elves)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "elven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "elvyssh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
"Fantasy",
"Mythology",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She was so fair and beautiful; her elegance seemed like / An elf out of another world, or else an angel.",
"ref": "c. 1450, Wars of Alexander, Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse, passus 24, line 5258:",
"text": "Scho was so faire & so fresche · as faucon hire semed, / An elfe out of an-othire erde · or ellis an Aungell",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He was taken by an elf; I saw it myself. / When the clock struck twelve, he was transfigured.",
"ref": "c. 1450, “The Second Shepherds' Play”, in The Towneley Plays, Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse, line 616:",
"text": "he was takyn with an elfe / I saw it myself / when the clok stroke twelf / was he forshapyn",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elf, fairy"
],
"id": "en-elf-enm-noun--qnDnG3I",
"links": [
[
"elf",
"elf#English"
],
[
"fairy",
"fairy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
"Fantasy",
"Mythology",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spirit, shade"
],
"id": "en-elf-enm-noun-CMWGpFbz",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"shade",
"shade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "helfe"
}
],
"word": "elf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Mythological creatures"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "English: elf",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: elf (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Scots: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: elf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Yola: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: elf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Old English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English elf, Anglian form of ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "elf",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "elves"
},
"expansion": "elf (plural elves)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "elven"
},
{
"word": "elvyssh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She was so fair and beautiful; her elegance seemed like / An elf out of another world, or else an angel.",
"ref": "c. 1450, Wars of Alexander, Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse, passus 24, line 5258:",
"text": "Scho was so faire & so fresche · as faucon hire semed, / An elfe out of an-othire erde · or ellis an Aungell",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He was taken by an elf; I saw it myself. / When the clock struck twelve, he was transfigured.",
"ref": "c. 1450, “The Second Shepherds' Play”, in The Towneley Plays, Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse, line 616:",
"text": "he was takyn with an elfe / I saw it myself / when the clok stroke twelf / was he forshapyn",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elf, fairy"
],
"links": [
[
"elf",
"elf#English"
],
[
"fairy",
"fairy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, shade"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"shade",
"shade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"word": "helfe"
}
],
"word": "elf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for elf meaning in Middle English (3.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.