See derknesse in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "darkness"
},
"expansion": "English: darkness",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: darkness"
},
{
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"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "daurkness"
},
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"name": "desc"
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"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "derknesse",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 6 8 4 14 8 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Light",
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"Nature",
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"Fundamental"
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],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… ‘Now, Christ's own knights beloved and dear,\nCast away all the works of darkness,\nAnd arm yourselves in armor of brightness.’",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Second Nun's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 383-385",
"roman": "And armeth yow in armure of brightnesse.’",
"text": "[...] ‘Now, Cristes owene knightes leve and dere,\nCaste alle awey the werkes of derknesse,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (absence of light)"
],
"id": "en-derknesse-enm-noun-xGRLnQi5",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 12 22 1 16 22 22",
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"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 11 22 2 15 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -nesse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 14 24 1 10 24 24",
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},
{
"_dis": "1 14 23 1 14 23 23",
"kind": "other",
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}
],
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"darkness (dark colouration)"
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[
"darkness",
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]
]
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 12 22 1 16 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "7 11 22 2 15 22 22",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "3 14 24 1 10 24 24",
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{
"_dis": "1 14 23 1 14 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sightlessness, blindness"
],
"id": "en-derknesse-enm-noun-2ewwCjzV",
"links": [
[
"sightlessness",
"sightlessness"
],
[
"blindness",
"blindness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"error, immorality"
],
"id": "en-derknesse-enm-noun-DxJJi-~5",
"links": [
[
"error",
"error"
],
[
"immorality",
"immorality"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 12 22 1 16 22 22",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "7 11 22 2 15 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -nesse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 14 23 1 14 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ignorance, non-understanding"
],
"id": "en-derknesse-enm-noun-C7FL3k1s",
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[
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"ignorance"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding"
]
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -nesse",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"gloominess, depression"
],
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[
"gloominess",
"gloominess"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "6 12 22 1 16 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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{
"_dis": "7 11 22 2 15 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -nesse",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "1 14 23 1 14 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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],
"id": "en-derknesse-enm-noun-Fapge2lY",
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"figurativeness"
],
[
"opaqueness",
"opaqueness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) figurativeness, opaqueness"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛrknɛs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derckness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dercness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derkenes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derkenesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derkenys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derknes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "derknez"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dirkenes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dirknes"
},
{
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"word": "dorknesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "durkenes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dyrknys"
}
],
"word": "derknesse"
}
{
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -nesse",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Light"
],
"descendants": [
{
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"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "darkness"
},
"expansion": "English: darkness",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: darkness"
},
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "daurkness"
},
"expansion": "Scots: daurkness",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: daurkness"
}
],
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"3": "deorcnes"
},
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},
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"1": "enm",
"2": "derk",
"3": "nesse"
},
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],
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},
"expansion": "derknesse",
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… ‘Now, Christ's own knights beloved and dear,\nCast away all the works of darkness,\nAnd arm yourselves in armor of brightness.’",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Second Nun's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 383-385",
"roman": "And armeth yow in armure of brightnesse.’",
"text": "[...] ‘Now, Cristes owene knightes leve and dere,\nCaste alle awey the werkes of derknesse,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (absence of light)"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"darkness (dark colouration)"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sightlessness, blindness"
],
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[
"sightlessness",
"sightlessness"
],
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"blindness",
"blindness"
]
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],
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[
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"error"
],
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]
]
},
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],
"links": [
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"ignorance"
],
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"understanding"
]
]
},
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],
"links": [
[
"gloominess",
"gloominess"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"figurativeness, opaqueness"
],
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[
"figurativeness",
"figurativeness"
],
[
"opaqueness",
"opaqueness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) figurativeness, opaqueness"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛrknɛs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derckness"
},
{
"word": "dercness"
},
{
"word": "derkenes"
},
{
"word": "derkenesse"
},
{
"word": "derkenys"
},
{
"word": "derknes"
},
{
"word": "derknez"
},
{
"word": "dirkenes"
},
{
"word": "dirknes"
},
{
"word": "dorknesse"
},
{
"word": "durkenes"
},
{
"word": "dyrknys"
}
],
"word": "derknesse"
}
Download raw JSONL data for derknesse meaning in Middle English (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.