See dame in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dame"
},
"expansion": "English: dame",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dame; dam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dame",
"3": "deem"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dame, deem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dame, deem; dam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "dame"
},
"expansion": "Old French dame",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "domina"
},
"expansion": "Latin domina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French dame, from Latin domina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dames",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "damme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dame (plural dames)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stepdame"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 13 15 7 15 13 2 2 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female family members",
"orig": "enm:Female family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Female people",
"Family",
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 24 2 5 3 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "enm:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 12 4 22 8 2 2 11 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 17 11 9 8 1 1 5 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female animals",
"orig": "enm:Female animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Female",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"abbess (governor of a nunnery)"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-E5bnGIzx",
"links": [
[
"lady",
"lady#English"
],
[
"abbess",
"abbess"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 26 24 2 5 3 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "enm:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 12 4 22 8 2 2 11 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 17 11 9 8 1 1 5 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female animals",
"orig": "enm:Female animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Female",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"A female anchorite (with servants)"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-mceCdjEK",
"links": [
[
"lady",
"lady#English"
],
[
"anchorite",
"anchorite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"(rare) A female anchorite (with servants)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 26 24 2 5 3 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "enm:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 12 4 22 8 2 2 11 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 17 11 9 8 1 1 5 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female animals",
"orig": "enm:Female animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Female",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A housewife (mistress of a family)"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-lRKneGs~",
"links": [
[
"housewife",
"housewife"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 11 26 23 5 5 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 17 11 9 8 1 1 5 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Female animals",
"orig": "enm:Female animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Female",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mother (of humans, animals, or plants)"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-FP437o-m",
"links": [
[
"mother",
"mother"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 11 26 23 5 5 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 7 38 35 2 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 12 4 22 8 2 2 11 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address for a noble lady."
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-Qnxhgj-7"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 11 26 23 5 5 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 7 38 35 2 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A respectful term of address for any woman (sometimes sarcastic)."
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-D36eF-ok"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaːm(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdam(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dam",
"word": "dam"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dam (“dam”)"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-TMxft~20",
"links": [
[
"dam",
"dam#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "damey"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of damey"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-U5qQg9Jp",
"links": [
[
"damey",
"damey#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "dame",
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"word": "dan"
}
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{
"_dis": "2 2 3 11 26 23 5 5 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "19 19 12 4 22 8 2 2 11 2",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dan"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-noun-VENe5-ae",
"links": [
[
"dan",
"dan#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "when preceding labials",
"raw_glosses": [
"(when preceding labials) Alternative form of dan"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dampnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dampnen"
],
"id": "en-dame-enm-verb-TzA4Rylo",
"links": [
[
"dampnen",
"dampnen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Female animals",
"enm:Female family members",
"enm:Female people",
"enm:Nobility"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dame"
},
"expansion": "English: dame",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dame; dam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dame",
"3": "deem"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dame, deem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dame, deem; dam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "dame"
},
"expansion": "Old French dame",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "domina"
},
"expansion": "Latin domina",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French dame, from Latin domina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dames",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "damme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
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},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dame (plural dames)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "madame"
},
{
"word": "stepdame"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"abbess (governor of a nunnery)"
],
"links": [
[
"lady",
"lady#English"
],
[
"abbess",
"abbess"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"A female anchorite (with servants)"
],
"links": [
[
"lady",
"lady#English"
],
[
"anchorite",
"anchorite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lady (high-ranking or noble woman):",
"(rare) A female anchorite (with servants)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A housewife (mistress of a family)"
],
"links": [
[
"housewife",
"housewife"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A mother (of humans, animals, or plants)"
],
"links": [
[
"mother",
"mother"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A term of address for a noble lady."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A respectful term of address for any woman (sometimes sarcastic)."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaːm(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdam(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Female animals",
"enm:Female family members",
"enm:Female people",
"enm:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dam",
"word": "dam"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dam (“dam”)"
],
"links": [
[
"dam",
"dam#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Female animals",
"enm:Female family members",
"enm:Female people",
"enm:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "damey"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of damey"
],
"links": [
[
"damey",
"damey#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Female animals",
"enm:Female family members",
"enm:Female people",
"enm:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dan"
],
"links": [
[
"dan",
"dan#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "when preceding labials",
"raw_glosses": [
"(when preceding labials) Alternative form of dan"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Female animals",
"enm:Female family members",
"enm:Female people",
"enm:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dame",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dampnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dampnen"
],
"links": [
[
"dampnen",
"dampnen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dame"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dame meaning in Middle English (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.