See chirmen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chirm"
},
"expansion": "English: chirm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chirm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chirm",
"3": "churm"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chirm, churm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chirm, churm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċirman",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English ċirman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċirman"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English ċirman",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*karmijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karmijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chirm",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "chirm + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English ċirman, from Proto-West Germanic *karmijan; equivalent to chirm + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chirmen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "chirm"
},
"expansion": "chirmen (third-person singular simple present chirmeth, present participle chirmende, chirmynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle chirmed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chirm"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To chirp or twitter; to make bird noise."
],
"id": "en-chirmen-enm-verb-ZSYJBJhp",
"links": [
[
"chirp",
"chirp"
],
[
"twitter",
"twitter"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To chirp or twitter; to make bird noise."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃirmən/"
}
],
"word": "chirmen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chirm"
},
"expansion": "English: chirm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chirm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chirm",
"3": "churm"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chirm, churm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chirm, churm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċirman",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English ċirman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċirman"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English ċirman",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*karmijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karmijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chirm",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "chirm + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English ċirman, from Proto-West Germanic *karmijan; equivalent to chirm + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychirmed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chirmen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "chirm"
},
"expansion": "chirmen (third-person singular simple present chirmeth, present participle chirmende, chirmynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle chirmed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chirm"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English rare terms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animal sounds"
],
"glosses": [
"To chirp or twitter; to make bird noise."
],
"links": [
[
"chirp",
"chirp"
],
[
"twitter",
"twitter"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To chirp or twitter; to make bird noise."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃirmən/"
}
],
"word": "chirmen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chirmen meaning in Middle English (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.