"bale" meaning in Middle English

See bale in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈbaːl(ə)/
Etymology: From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|evil}}, {{inh|enm|ang|bealu}} Old English bealu, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*balu}} Proto-West Germanic *balu, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*balwą}} Proto-Germanic *balwą Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} bale, {{enm-adj}} bale
  1. decisive, ruinous, vicious
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-adj-enm:decisive
  2. tormentuous, painful, hurtful
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-adj-ZxCjnTf0 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: balu
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈbaːl(ə)/ Forms: bales [plural]
Etymology: From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|evil}}, {{inh|enm|ang|bealu}} Old English bealu, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*balu}} Proto-West Germanic *balu, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*balwą}} Proto-Germanic *balwą Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} bale, {{enm-noun|pl=bales}} bale (plural bales)
  1. An evil or wrong act; a bad deed.
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-bAanBOHx
  2. Maliciousness, iniquity, damage.
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-A0r1wvlF Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2
  3. Devastation and doom; the causing of lifelessness. Categories (topical): Burial
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-2tCt~1r9 Disambiguation of Burial: 0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2
  4. Woe or torment; hurting, agony.
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-2-zfU3Ff
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: balu Related terms: baleful, bale-siðe, bali
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /baːl/
Etymology: Either from Old English bǣl, Old Norse bál, or a conflation of both; in any case, from Proto-Germanic *bēlą. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|pyre}}, {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|enm|ang|bǣl}} Old English bǣl, {{bor|enm|non|bál}} Old Norse bál, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*bēlą}} Proto-Germanic *bēlą Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} bale
  1. Any large fire; a bonfire or pyre. Categories (topical): Burial
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-ATdXK4bo Disambiguation of Burial: 0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2
  2. A fire for inhumation; a funeral pyre. Categories (topical): Burial, Fire
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-EvMHBYRx Disambiguation of Burial: 0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1 Disambiguation of Fire: 2 10 1 14 8 2 24 30 8 1 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2
  3. A fire for execution or killing. Categories (topical): Burial
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-3aRqF0JZ Disambiguation of Burial: 0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: bale-fyre
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /ˈbaːl(ə)/ Forms: bales [plural]
Etymology: Probably borrowed from Old French bale, balle, from Medieval Latin balla, from Frankish or Old High German balla (“ball”), from Proto-Germanic *balluz. Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|fro|bale|nocap=1}} borrowed from Old French bale, {{der|enm|ML.|balla}} Medieval Latin balla, {{der|enm|frk|-}} Frankish, {{der|enm|goh|balla||ball}} Old High German balla (“ball”), {{der|enm|gem-pro|*balluz}} Proto-Germanic *balluz Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} bale, {{enm-noun|pl=bales}} bale (plural bales)
  1. A bale (rounded bundle) Synonyms: bala, ball
    Sense id: en-bale-enm-noun-enm:bale
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale (dated)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "evil"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bealu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*balu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *balu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balwą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balwą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "bales"
      },
      "expansion": "bale (plural bales)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "baleful"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bale-siðe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bali"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An evil or wrong act; a bad deed."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-bAanBOHx",
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Maliciousness, iniquity, damage."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-A0r1wvlF",
      "links": [
        [
          "iniquity",
          "iniquity"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Burial",
          "orig": "enm:Burial",
          "parents": [
            "Death",
            "Society",
            "Body",
            "Life",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Devastation and doom; the causing of lifelessness."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-2tCt~1r9",
      "links": [
        [
          "doom",
          "doom"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Woe or torment; hurting, agony."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-2-zfU3Ff",
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "hurting",
          "hurting"
        ],
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "balu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "evil"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bealu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*balu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *balu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balwą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balwą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "decisive, ruinous, vicious"
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-adj-enm:decisive",
      "links": [
        [
          "decisive",
          "decisive"
        ],
        [
          "ruinous",
          "ruinous"
        ],
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:decisive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tormentuous, painful, hurtful"
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-adj-ZxCjnTf0",
      "links": [
        [
          "tormentuous",
          "tormentuous"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful"
        ],
        [
          "hurtful",
          "hurtful"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "balu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pyre"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bǣl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bǣl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "bál"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse bál",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bēlą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bēlą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Either from Old English bǣl, Old Norse bál, or a conflation of both; in any case, from Proto-Germanic *bēlą.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bale-fyre"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Burial",
          "orig": "enm:Burial",
          "parents": [
            "Death",
            "Society",
            "Body",
            "Life",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any large fire; a bonfire or pyre."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-ATdXK4bo",
      "links": [
        [
          "bonfire",
          "bonfire"
        ],
        [
          "pyre",
          "pyre"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 2 23 10 2 10 26 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Burial",
          "orig": "enm:Burial",
          "parents": [
            "Death",
            "Society",
            "Body",
            "Life",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 10 1 14 8 2 24 30 8 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Fire",
          "orig": "enm:Fire",
          "parents": [
            "Combustion",
            "Light sources",
            "Chemical processes",
            "Light",
            "Nature",
            "Energy",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fire for inhumation; a funeral pyre."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-EvMHBYRx",
      "links": [
        [
          "inhumation",
          "inhumation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 9 0 0 25 6 18 24 17 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Burial",
          "orig": "enm:Burial",
          "parents": [
            "Death",
            "Society",
            "Body",
            "Life",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fire for execution or killing."
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-3aRqF0JZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "execution",
          "execution"
        ],
        [
          "killing",
          "killing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/baːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "bale",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "borrowed from Old French bale",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "balla"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin balla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "balla",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ball"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German balla (“ball”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balluz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balluz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old French bale, balle, from Medieval Latin balla, from Frankish or Old High German balla (“ball”), from Proto-Germanic *balluz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "bales"
      },
      "expansion": "bale (plural bales)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A bale (rounded bundle)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bale-enm-noun-enm:bale",
      "links": [
        [
          "bale",
          "bale#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bale"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bala"
        },
        {
          "word": "ball"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
    "Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old High German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 20 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Burial",
    "enm:Fire"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale (dated)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "evil"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bealu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*balu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *balu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balwą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balwą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "bales"
      },
      "expansion": "bale (plural bales)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "baleful"
    },
    {
      "word": "bale-siðe"
    },
    {
      "word": "bali"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An evil or wrong act; a bad deed."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Maliciousness, iniquity, damage."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "iniquity",
          "iniquity"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Devastation and doom; the causing of lifelessness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "doom",
          "doom"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Woe or torment; hurting, agony."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "hurting",
          "hurting"
        ],
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "balu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
    "Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old High German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 20 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Burial",
    "enm:Fire"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "evil"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bealu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*balu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *balu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balwą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balwą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "decisive, ruinous, vicious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "decisive",
          "decisive"
        ],
        [
          "ruinous",
          "ruinous"
        ],
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:decisive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tormentuous, painful, hurtful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tormentuous",
          "tormentuous"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful"
        ],
        [
          "hurtful",
          "hurtful"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "balu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
    "Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old High German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 20 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Burial",
    "enm:Fire"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pyre"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bǣl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bǣl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "bál"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse bál",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bēlą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bēlą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Either from Old English bǣl, Old Norse bál, or a conflation of both; in any case, from Proto-Germanic *bēlą.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bale-fyre"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any large fire; a bonfire or pyre."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bonfire",
          "bonfire"
        ],
        [
          "pyre",
          "pyre"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A fire for inhumation; a funeral pyre."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inhumation",
          "inhumation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A fire for execution or killing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "execution",
          "execution"
        ],
        [
          "killing",
          "killing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/baːl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
    "Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old High German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 20 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Burial",
    "enm:Fire"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "bale",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "borrowed from Old French bale",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "balla"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin balla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "balla",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ball"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German balla (“ball”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*balluz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balluz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old French bale, balle, from Medieval Latin balla, from Frankish or Old High German balla (“ball”), from Proto-Germanic *balluz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bale",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "bales"
      },
      "expansion": "bale (plural bales)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A bale (rounded bundle)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bale",
          "bale#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bale"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːl(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bala"
    },
    {
      "word": "ball"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bale"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bale meaning in Middle English (8.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.