"attren" meaning in Middle English

See attren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈatrən/
Etymology: Inherited from Old English ǣtrian, ǣttrian, from Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną; equivalent to atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|ǣtrian|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English ǣtrian, {{inh+|enm|ang|ǣtrian}} Inherited from Old English ǣtrian, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*aitrōn}} Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*aitrōną}} Proto-Germanic *aitrōną, {{af|enm|atter|-en|id2=infinitival|pos2=infinitival suffix|t1=poison}} atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} attren, {{enm-verb|stem=attr}} attren (third-person singular simple present attreth, present participle attrende, attrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle attred) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|attr}} Forms: attreth [present, singular, third-person], attrende [participle, present], attrynge [participle, present], attred [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], attren [infinitive], to attren [infinitive], attre [infinitive], attre [first-person, present, singular], attred [first-person, past, singular], attrest [present, second-person, singular], attredest [past, second-person, singular], attreth [present, singular, third-person], attred [past, singular, third-person], attre [present, singular, subjunctive], attred [past, singular, subjunctive], attre [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], attren [plural, present], attre [plural, present], attreden [past, plural], attrede [past, plural], attreth [imperative, plural, present], attre [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], attrynge [participle, present], attrende [participle, present], attred [participle, past], yattred [participle, past]
  1. To poison or envenom Tags: Early-Middle-English, Northern Categories (topical): Poisons
    Sense id: en-attren-enm-verb-l7kBJtpP Disambiguation of Poisons: 62 38 Categories (other): Early Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival), Northern Middle English Disambiguation of Early Middle English: 45 55 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 49 51 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival): 48 52 Disambiguation of Northern Middle English: 47 53
  2. (rare, figurative) To pervert or ruin. Tags: Early-Middle-English, Northern, figuratively, rare
    Sense id: en-attren-enm-verb-LD7F9jdc Categories (other): Early Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival), Northern Middle English Disambiguation of Early Middle English: 45 55 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 49 51 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival): 48 52 Disambiguation of Northern Middle English: 47 53

Download JSONL data for attren meaning in Middle English (6.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "atter"
          },
          "expansion": "English: atter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: atter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "eitra"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse eitra",
          "name": "m+"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "etter",
            "qq": "vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">eitra</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣtrian",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ǣtrian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣtrian"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English ǣtrian",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aitrōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "atter",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix",
        "t1": "poison"
      },
      "expansion": "atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English ǣtrian, ǣttrian, from Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną; equivalent to atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attredest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yattred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "attren",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "attr"
      },
      "expansion": "attren (third-person singular simple present attreth, present participle attrende, attrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle attred)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "attr"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Early Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Poisons",
          "orig": "enm:Poisons",
          "parents": [
            "Matter",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To poison or envenom"
      ],
      "id": "en-attren-enm-verb-l7kBJtpP",
      "links": [
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ],
        [
          "envenom",
          "envenom"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Early Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pervert or ruin."
      ],
      "id": "en-attren-enm-verb-LD7F9jdc",
      "links": [
        [
          "pervert",
          "pervert"
        ],
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, figurative) To pervert or ruin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Northern",
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈatrən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "attren"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Early Middle English",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Northern Middle English",
    "enm:Poisons"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "atter"
          },
          "expansion": "English: atter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: atter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "eitra"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse eitra",
          "name": "m+"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "etter",
            "qq": "vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">eitra</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣtrian",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ǣtrian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣtrian"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English ǣtrian",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aitrōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "atter",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix",
        "t1": "poison"
      },
      "expansion": "atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English ǣtrian, ǣttrian, from Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną; equivalent to atter (“poison”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attredest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attreth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attrende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yattred",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "attren",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "attr"
      },
      "expansion": "attren (third-person singular simple present attreth, present participle attrende, attrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle attred)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "attr"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To poison or envenom"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ],
        [
          "envenom",
          "envenom"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pervert or ruin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pervert",
          "pervert"
        ],
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, figurative) To pervert or ruin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Northern",
        "figuratively",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈatrən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "attren"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.