afrounten in Middle English

IPA: /aˈfruːntən/, /aˈfruntən/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Old French afronter (“to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”). Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|afronter||to defy}} Old French afronter (“to defy”), {{der|enm|VL.|*affrontō|*affrontāre|to hit in the face}} Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} afrounten Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|afrount|y=0}} Forms: weak [table-tags], afrounten [infinitive], to afrounten [infinitive], afrounte [infinitive], afrounte [first-person, present, singular], afrounted [first-person, past, singular], afrountest [present, second-person, singular], afrountedest [past, second-person, singular], afrounteth [present, singular, third-person], afrounted [past, singular, third-person], afrounte [present, singular, subjunctive], afrounted [past, singular, subjunctive], afrounte [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], afrounten [plural, present], afrounte [plural, present], afrounteden [past, plural], afrountede [past, plural], afrounteth [imperative, plural, present], afrounte [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], afrountynge [participle, present], afrountende [participle, present], afrounted [participle, past]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "affront"
          },
          "expansion": "English: affront",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: affront"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "affront"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: affront",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: affront"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to defy"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to defy”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontō",
        "4": "*affrontāre",
        "5": "to hit in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French afronter (“to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "afrounten",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afrount",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "68 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To insult, affront."
      ],
      "id": "en-afrounten-enm-verb-w3VxO~Po",
      "links": [
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ],
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To be offensive."
      ],
      "id": "en-afrounten-enm-verb-80of-wzg",
      "links": [
        [
          "offensive",
          "offensive"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈfruːntən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈfruntən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "afronten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "afrounti"
    }
  ],
  "word": "afrounten"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "affront"
          },
          "expansion": "English: affront",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: affront"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "affront"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: affront",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: affront"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to defy"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to defy”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontō",
        "4": "*affrontāre",
        "5": "to hit in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French afronter (“to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to hit in the face”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrountende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "afrounted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "afrounten",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afrount",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To insult, affront."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ],
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To be offensive."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "offensive",
          "offensive"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈfruːntən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈfruntən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "afronten"
    },
    {
      "word": "afrounti"
    }
  ],
  "word": "afrounten"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"afrounten" meaning in Middle English

Verb