"-esse" meaning in Middle English

See -esse in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Old French -esse from Latin -issa, from Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa). Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|-esse}} Old French -esse, {{der|enm|la|-issa}} Latin -issa, {{der|enm|grc|-ισσα}} Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa) Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix}} -esse
  1. Denotes a female form of otherwise male nouns denoting beings or persons. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--esse-enm-suffix-enm:_ess Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 24 11 3 2 21 19 4 11 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 86 14 Synonyms: -en (english: displaced), -es, -ess, -asse, -as, -eyse, -eys, -eis, -isse, -ysse, -iss, -yss, -ys, -is
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix}} -esse
  1. Alternative form of -yssh Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -yssh
    Sense id: en--esse-enm-suffix-S9WSJVeh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-ess"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -ess",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -ess"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -esse",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-issa"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -issa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "-ισσα"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French -esse from Latin -issa, from Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 11 3 2 21 19 4 11 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Denotes a female form of otherwise male nouns denoting beings or persons."
      ],
      "id": "en--esse-enm-suffix-enm:_ess",
      "links": [
        [
          "female",
          "female#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:-ess"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "displaced",
          "word": "-en"
        },
        {
          "word": "-es"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ess"
        },
        {
          "word": "-asse"
        },
        {
          "word": "-as"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eyse"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eys"
        },
        {
          "word": "-eis"
        },
        {
          "word": "-isse"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ysse"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iss"
        },
        {
          "word": "-yss"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ys"
        },
        {
          "word": "-is"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-yssh"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -yssh"
      ],
      "id": "en--esse-enm-suffix-S9WSJVeh",
      "links": [
        [
          "-yssh",
          "-yssh#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French suffixes",
    "Middle French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "Middle French terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle French terms inherited from Late Latin",
    "Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-ess"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -ess",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -ess"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -esse",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-issa"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -issa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "-ισσα"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French -esse from Latin -issa, from Ancient Greek -ισσα (-issa).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Denotes a female form of otherwise male nouns denoting beings or persons."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "female",
          "female#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:-ess"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "displaced",
      "word": "-en"
    },
    {
      "word": "-es"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ess"
    },
    {
      "word": "-asse"
    },
    {
      "word": "-as"
    },
    {
      "word": "-eyse"
    },
    {
      "word": "-eys"
    },
    {
      "word": "-eis"
    },
    {
      "word": "-isse"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ysse"
    },
    {
      "word": "-iss"
    },
    {
      "word": "-yss"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ys"
    },
    {
      "word": "-is"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French suffixes",
    "Middle French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "Middle French terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle French terms inherited from Late Latin",
    "Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-yssh"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -yssh"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-yssh",
          "-yssh#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -esse meaning in Middle English (2.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.