See -el in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "Scots: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: -le"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old English -el",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ulaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ulaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-ul, from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives meaning \"tending to\" or \"able to\" from verbs."
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-r4nc3U-L",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-le"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "English: -le, -el",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le, -el"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-le",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Scots: -le, -el",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: -le, -el"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "agentive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old English -el",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-il"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-il",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns."
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-iFx3iBjd",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 4 6 2 2 5 5 2 8 4 4 4 5 4 4 10 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 5 1 2 6 5 1 9 4 4 4 5 4 5 12 5 0 0 0 1 1 1 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 39 17 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or other nouns."
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-6JHfkpcH",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-yll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ylle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-il"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-yl"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-el",
"3": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -el, -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -el, -le"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old French -el",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French -el, -ele, from Latin -ālis and -ellus, -ella.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns."
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-iFx3iBjd1",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ele"
},
{
"word": "-elle"
},
{
"word": "-eylle"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛːl(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɛl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-yll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ylle"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-al"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -al"
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-gI2CHycb",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-elen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -elen"
],
"id": "en--el-enm-suffix-2s3UR4h3",
"links": [
[
"-elen",
"-elen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English diminutive suffixes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "Scots: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: -le"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old English -el",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ulaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ulaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-ul, from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives meaning \"tending to\" or \"able to\" from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-le"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English diminutive suffixes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "English: -le, -el",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le, -el"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-le",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Scots: -le, -el",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: -le, -el"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "agentive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old English -el",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-il"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-il",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns from verbs or other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"word": "-il"
},
{
"word": "-ill"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "-ul"
},
{
"word": "-yl"
},
{
"word": "-yll"
},
{
"word": "-ylle"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English diminutive suffixes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-el",
"3": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -el, -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -el, -le"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Old French -el",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French -el, -ele, from Latin -ālis and -ellus, -ella.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛːl(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɛl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ele"
},
{
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"word": "-elle"
},
{
"word": "-eylle"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "-yll"
},
{
"word": "-ylle"
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English diminutive suffixes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-al"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -al"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English diminutive suffixes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-el",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-elen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -elen"
],
"links": [
[
"-elen",
"-elen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-el"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -el meaning in Middle English (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.