"straffen" meaning in Middle Dutch

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "straffen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: straffen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: straffen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "straofe"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: straofe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: straofe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "strāfen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German strāfen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*strēpōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Middle High German strāfen, which may go back to Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). The short vowel and geminate in Dutch in contrast to the Middle High German long vowel is peculiar.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "straffen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "straffen",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 17 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to scold, to reprimand"
      ],
      "id": "en-straffen-dum-verb-byXzpBZL",
      "links": [
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ],
        [
          "reprimand",
          "reprimand"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to refute"
      ],
      "id": "en-straffen-dum-verb-gWqQ7LyD",
      "links": [
        [
          "refute",
          "refute"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to punish"
      ],
      "id": "en-straffen-dum-verb-G3PyFaL2",
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "strâfen"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nicoline van der Sijs"
  ],
  "word": "straffen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Middle High German",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch verbs",
    "Middle Dutch weak verbs",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "straffen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: straffen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: straffen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "straofe"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: straofe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: straofe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "strāfen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German strāfen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*strēpōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Middle High German strāfen, which may go back to Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). The short vowel and geminate in Dutch in contrast to the Middle High German long vowel is peculiar.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "straffen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "straffen",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scold, to reprimand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ],
        [
          "reprimand",
          "reprimand"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to refute"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "refute",
          "refute"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to punish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "strâfen"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nicoline van der Sijs"
  ],
  "word": "straffen"
}