See kiken in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kijken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kijken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kijken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kyk"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kyk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kyk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "kieke"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: kieke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: kieke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kīkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kīkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kīkan",
"t": "to look, peep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kīkan (“to look, peep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kīkan, from Proto-West Germanic *kīkan (“to look, peep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kêec",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijcs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kikes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kēecs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kēkes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kijcs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēkes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kêec",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēect",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kijc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kikende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "kiken",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kiken",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kik",
"2": "kêk",
"3": "kēk",
"4": "gekēken",
"class": "1"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to look, to direct the eyes"
],
"id": "en-kiken-dum-verb-t4VcImDF",
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkiːkən/"
}
],
"word": "kiken"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kijken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kijken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kijken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kyk"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kyk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kyk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "kieke"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: kieke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: kieke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kīkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kīkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kīkan",
"t": "to look, peep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kīkan (“to look, peep”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kīkan, from Proto-West Germanic *kīkan (“to look, peep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kêec",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijcs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kikes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kēecs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kēkes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kijcs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kikes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēkes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kêec",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēect",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kēket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kijc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kijct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kiket",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kikende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekēken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "kiken",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kiken",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kik",
"2": "kêk",
"3": "kēk",
"4": "gekēken",
"class": "1"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch class 1 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to look, to direct the eyes"
],
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkiːkən/"
}
],
"word": "kiken"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kiken meaning in Middle Dutch (6.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: kiken/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'infinitive'}",
"path": [
"kiken"
],
"section": "Middle Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "kiken",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.