See -en in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -en meaning in Middle Dutch (4.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-aną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-aną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-ien"
},
"expansion": "-ien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-janą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-janą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ijaną"
},
"expansion": "*-ijaną",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-on"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -on",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A merger of various infinitive suffixes:\n* The strong infinitive Old Dutch -an, from Proto-Germanic *-aną.\n* The weak class 1 infinitive Old Dutch -en, -ien, from Proto-Germanic *-janą, *-ijaną.\n* The weak class 2 infinitive Old Dutch -on, from Proto-Germanic *-ōną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the infinitive form of verbs, used as a suffix to form new verbs as well."
],
"id": "en--en-dum-suffix-35-GIqQc",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-anaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Old Dutch [Term?] strong past participle ending -an, from Proto-Germanic *-anaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 78 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ending of the past participle of strong verbs."
],
"id": "en--en-dum-suffix-ZnPldhbP",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From various first and third-person plural forms of Germanic verbs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the first- and third-person plural forms of verbs."
],
"id": "en--en-dum-suffix-Kw8lTcKK",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*-īn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *-īn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-īnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-īnaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *-īn, from Proto-Germanic *-īnaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-in"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -in"
],
"id": "en--en-dum-suffix-6y1aS0dN",
"links": [
[
"-in",
"-in#Middle Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch inflectional suffixes",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch suffixes",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-aną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-aną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-ien"
},
"expansion": "-ien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-janą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-janą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ijaną"
},
"expansion": "*-ijaną",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-on"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -on",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A merger of various infinitive suffixes:\n* The strong infinitive Old Dutch -an, from Proto-Germanic *-aną.\n* The weak class 1 infinitive Old Dutch -en, -ien, from Proto-Germanic *-janą, *-ijaną.\n* The weak class 2 infinitive Old Dutch -on, from Proto-Germanic *-ōną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the infinitive form of verbs, used as a suffix to form new verbs as well."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch inflectional suffixes",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch suffixes",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch term requests",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "-an",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-anaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Old Dutch [Term?] strong past participle ending -an, from Proto-Germanic *-anaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the past participle of strong verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch inflectional suffixes",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch suffixes",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From various first and third-person plural forms of Germanic verbs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the first- and third-person plural forms of verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch suffixes",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*-īn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *-īn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-īnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-īnaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *-īn, from Proto-Germanic *-īnaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-in"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -in"
],
"links": [
[
"-in",
"-in#Middle Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.