"giref" meaning in Maltese

See giref in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈɡɪ.rɛf/
Etymology: Probably from Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”). Compare gerriefa (“kind of hoe”) with Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa) and مِجْرَفة (mijrafa), both originally “rake, hoe, shovel”. Alternatively it has been linked to قَرَفَ (qarafa, “to peel, decorticate”), but this is less likely; also because Maltese g- almost never goes back to Arabic ق (q). Finally one should note Old French grifer (“to scratch”), from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, which (though clearly not the ultimate origin) might have influenced the sense and/or form. Etymology templates: {{inh|mt|ar|جَرَفَ|t=to sweep away, scoop, shovel}} Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”), {{m+|ar|جَرّافة}} Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa), {{m+|ar|ق}} Arabic ق (q), {{der|mt|fro|grifer|t=to scratch}} Old French grifer (“to scratch”), {{der|mt|gem-pro|*grīpaną}} Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Head templates: {{mt-verb|jigref|migruf||grif}} giref (imperfect jigref, past participle migruf, verbal noun grif) Inflection templates: {{mt-conj|grift|grift|giref|girfet|grifna|griftu|girfu|nigref|tigref|jigref|tigref|nigirfu|tigirfu|jigirfu|igref|igirfu}} Forms: jigref [imperfect], migruf [participle, past], grif [noun-from-verb], no-table-tags [table-tags], grift [first-person, masculine, perfect, singular], grift [masculine, perfect, second-person, singular], giref [masculine, perfect, singular, third-person], grifna [first-person, masculine, perfect, plural], griftu [masculine, perfect, plural, second-person], girfu [masculine, perfect, plural, third-person], grift [feminine, first-person, perfect, singular], grift [feminine, perfect, second-person, singular], girfet [feminine, perfect, singular, third-person], grifna [feminine, first-person, perfect, plural], griftu [feminine, perfect, plural, second-person], girfu [feminine, perfect, plural, third-person], nigref [first-person, imperfect, masculine, singular], tigref [imperfect, masculine, second-person, singular], jigref [imperfect, masculine, singular, third-person], nigirfu [first-person, imperfect, masculine, plural], tigirfu [imperfect, masculine, plural, second-person], jigirfu [imperfect, masculine, plural, third-person], nigref [feminine, first-person, imperfect, singular], tigref [feminine, imperfect, second-person, singular], tigref [feminine, imperfect, singular, third-person], nigirfu [feminine, first-person, imperfect, plural], tigirfu [feminine, imperfect, plural, second-person], jigirfu [feminine, imperfect, plural, third-person], igref [imperative, second-person, singular], igirfu [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to scratch
    Sense id: en-giref-mt-verb-6zW~VBjx
  2. to steal, swindle
    Sense id: en-giref-mt-verb-8dP1G~7x Categories (other): Maltese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Maltese entries with incorrect language header: 38 62 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 28 72 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 83
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "جَرَفَ",
        "t": "to sweep away, scoop, shovel"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "جَرّافة"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "ق"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic ق (q)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "grifer",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French grifer (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”). Compare gerriefa (“kind of hoe”) with Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa) and مِجْرَفة (mijrafa), both originally “rake, hoe, shovel”.\nAlternatively it has been linked to قَرَفَ (qarafa, “to peel, decorticate”), but this is less likely; also because Maltese g- almost never goes back to Arabic ق (q). Finally one should note Old French grifer (“to scratch”), from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, which (though clearly not the ultimate origin) might have influenced the sense and/or form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jigref",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "migruf",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grif",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mt-conj/I-ie-ie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "giref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grifna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "griftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grifna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "griftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "igref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "igirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jigref",
        "2": "migruf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grif"
      },
      "expansion": "giref (imperfect jigref, past participle migruf, verbal noun grif)",
      "name": "mt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grift",
        "10": "jigref",
        "11": "tigref",
        "12": "nigirfu",
        "13": "tigirfu",
        "14": "jigirfu",
        "15": "igref",
        "16": "igirfu",
        "2": "grift",
        "3": "giref",
        "4": "girfet",
        "5": "grifna",
        "6": "griftu",
        "7": "girfu",
        "8": "nigref",
        "9": "tigref"
      },
      "name": "mt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Maltese",
  "lang_code": "mt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scratch"
      ],
      "id": "en-giref-mt-verb-6zW~VBjx",
      "links": [
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to steal, swindle"
      ],
      "id": "en-giref-mt-verb-8dP1G~7x",
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ],
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɪ.rɛf/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "giref"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Maltese form-I verbs",
    "Maltese lemmas",
    "Maltese sound form-I verbs",
    "Maltese sound verbs",
    "Maltese terms derived from Arabic",
    "Maltese terms derived from Old French",
    "Maltese terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Maltese terms inherited from Arabic",
    "Maltese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "جَرَفَ",
        "t": "to sweep away, scoop, shovel"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "جَرّافة"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "ق"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic ق (q)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "grifer",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French grifer (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mt",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Arabic جَرَفَ (jarafa, “to sweep away, scoop, shovel”). Compare gerriefa (“kind of hoe”) with Arabic جَرّافة (jarrāfa) and مِجْرَفة (mijrafa), both originally “rake, hoe, shovel”.\nAlternatively it has been linked to قَرَفَ (qarafa, “to peel, decorticate”), but this is less likely; also because Maltese g- almost never goes back to Arabic ق (q). Finally one should note Old French grifer (“to scratch”), from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, which (though clearly not the ultimate origin) might have influenced the sense and/or form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jigref",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "migruf",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grif",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mt-conj/I-ie-ie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "giref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grifna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "griftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grift",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grifna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "griftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "girfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jigirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "igref",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "igirfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jigref",
        "2": "migruf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grif"
      },
      "expansion": "giref (imperfect jigref, past participle migruf, verbal noun grif)",
      "name": "mt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grift",
        "10": "jigref",
        "11": "tigref",
        "12": "nigirfu",
        "13": "tigirfu",
        "14": "jigirfu",
        "15": "igref",
        "16": "igirfu",
        "2": "grift",
        "3": "giref",
        "4": "girfet",
        "5": "grifna",
        "6": "griftu",
        "7": "girfu",
        "8": "nigref",
        "9": "tigref"
      },
      "name": "mt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Maltese",
  "lang_code": "mt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scratch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to steal, swindle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ],
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɪ.rɛf/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "giref"
}

Download raw JSONL data for giref meaning in Maltese (5.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Maltese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.