See paku in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berpaku [stative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "paku"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bāgūcài",
"word": "巴姑菜"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*paku(ʔ)",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*paku(ʔ)"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*paku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paku",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*pahəku",
"t": "bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *pahəku (“bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paku, from Proto-Austronesian *pahəku (“bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤاکو",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "paku-pakis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤاکو",
"pl": "paku-pakis"
},
"expansion": "paku (Jawi spelling ڤاکو, plural paku-pakis)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
"ku"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Ferns",
"orig": "ms:Ferns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "ms:Plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ms:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "paku acu"
},
{
"word": "paku air"
},
{
"word": "paku cai"
},
{
"word": "paku gajah"
},
{
"word": "paku haji"
},
{
"word": "paku hias"
},
{
"word": "paku ikan"
},
{
"word": "paku jelai"
},
{
"word": "paku langsuyar"
},
{
"word": "paku larat"
},
{
"word": "paku lipan"
},
{
"word": "paku mega"
},
{
"word": "paku miding"
},
{
"word": "paku padang"
},
{
"word": "paku pelanduk"
},
{
"word": "paku piai"
},
{
"word": "paku ranih"
},
{
"word": "paku ranu"
},
{
"word": "paku rawan"
},
{
"word": "paku sisik"
},
{
"word": "paku tanjung"
},
{
"word": "paku ubil"
},
{
"word": "paku ulat"
},
{
"word": "paku unkut"
},
{
"word": "pucuk paku"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fern"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "tunjuk langit"
}
],
"id": "en-paku-ms-noun-8KXaF-D~",
"links": [
[
"fern",
"fern"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pakis"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaku/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpa.ku]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aku"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "paku"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berpaku [stative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "paku"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "pako",
"3": "pakò"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog pakò",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "cf. Tagalog pakò",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤاکو",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "paku-paku",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paku²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤاکو"
},
"expansion": "paku (Jawi spelling ڤاکو, plural paku-paku or paku²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
"ku"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"alt": "peN-",
"word": "pemaku [agentive"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "measure]"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "pemakuan [agentive"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "measure + resultative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "locative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "collective"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "variety"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "verbal noun"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "fruit]"
},
{
"alt": "meN-",
"word": "memaku [agent focus]"
},
{
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"translation": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "memakukan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"alt": "di-",
"word": "dipaku [patient focus]"
},
{
"english": "di- + -kan",
"translation": "di- + -kan",
"word": "dipakukan [patient focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"alt": "teR-",
"word": "terpaku [agentless action]"
},
{
"word": "harga paku"
},
{
"word": "paku Belanda"
},
{
"word": "paku kembang"
},
{
"word": "paku payung"
},
{
"word": "paku pelir itik"
},
{
"word": "paku rebana"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nail (metal)"
],
"id": "en-paku-ms-noun-AY5ObwqO",
"links": [
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pasak besi"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaku/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpa.ku]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aku"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "paku"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/aku",
"Rhymes:Malay/aku/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/u",
"Rhymes:Malay/u/2 syllables",
"ms:Ferns",
"ms:Plants",
"ms:Tools",
"su:Ferns",
"su:Plants",
"su:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berpaku [stative"
},
{
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
},
{
"word": "paku acu"
},
{
"word": "paku air"
},
{
"word": "paku cai"
},
{
"word": "paku gajah"
},
{
"word": "paku haji"
},
{
"word": "paku hias"
},
{
"word": "paku ikan"
},
{
"word": "paku jelai"
},
{
"word": "paku langsuyar"
},
{
"word": "paku larat"
},
{
"word": "paku lipan"
},
{
"word": "paku mega"
},
{
"word": "paku miding"
},
{
"word": "paku padang"
},
{
"word": "paku pelanduk"
},
{
"word": "paku piai"
},
{
"word": "paku ranih"
},
{
"word": "paku ranu"
},
{
"word": "paku rawan"
},
{
"word": "paku sisik"
},
{
"word": "paku tanjung"
},
{
"word": "paku ubil"
},
{
"word": "paku ulat"
},
{
"word": "paku unkut"
},
{
"word": "pucuk paku"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "paku"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bāgūcài",
"word": "巴姑菜"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*paku(ʔ)",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*paku(ʔ)"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*paku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paku",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*pahəku",
"t": "bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *pahəku (“bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayic *paku(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paku, from Proto-Austronesian *pahəku (“bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤاکو",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "paku-pakis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤاکو",
"pl": "paku-pakis"
},
"expansion": "paku (Jawi spelling ڤاکو, plural paku-pakis)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
"ku"
]
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "tunjuk langit"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fern"
],
"links": [
[
"fern",
"fern"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pakis"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaku/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpa.ku]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aku"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "paku"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/aku",
"Rhymes:Malay/aku/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/u",
"Rhymes:Malay/u/2 syllables",
"ms:Ferns",
"ms:Plants",
"ms:Tools",
"su:Ferns",
"su:Plants",
"su:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "peN-",
"word": "pemaku [agentive"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "measure]"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "pemakuan [agentive"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "measure + resultative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "locative"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "collective"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "variety"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "verbal noun"
},
{
"english": "peN- + -an",
"translation": "peN- + -an",
"word": "fruit]"
},
{
"alt": "meN-",
"word": "memaku [agent focus]"
},
{
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"translation": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "memakukan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"alt": "di-",
"word": "dipaku [patient focus]"
},
{
"english": "di- + -kan",
"translation": "di- + -kan",
"word": "dipakukan [patient focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"alt": "teR-",
"word": "terpaku [agentless action]"
},
{
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berpaku [stative"
},
{
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
},
{
"word": "harga paku"
},
{
"word": "paku Belanda"
},
{
"word": "paku kembang"
},
{
"word": "paku payung"
},
{
"word": "paku pelir itik"
},
{
"word": "paku rebana"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "paku"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "pako",
"3": "pakò"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog pakò",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "cf. Tagalog pakò",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤاکو",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "paku-paku",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paku²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤاکو"
},
"expansion": "paku (Jawi spelling ڤاکو, plural paku-paku or paku²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
"ku"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"nail (metal)"
],
"links": [
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pasak besi"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaku/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpa.ku]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aku"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "paku"
}
Download raw JSONL data for paku meaning in Malay (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Malay dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.