See -an in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: -an"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "after consonant",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "[i] -ن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "after [u] -ان",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "after non-[i]",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "[u] vowel -اءن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Jawi spelling after consonant or i",
"4": "-ن",
"5": "Jawi spelling after u",
"6": "-ان",
"7": "Jawi spelling after non-i or u vowel",
"8": "-اءن"
},
"expansion": "-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-an"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for collectivity"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-bnX82H8-",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for similarity"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-BbexznZr",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for object"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-QNSy-7aW",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for place"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-8yaoSDTp",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 20 18 18 25 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bangun (“to wake up, to get up”) + -an → bangunan (“building”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix for instrument"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-ei2fmBcd",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-an/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-an]",
"note": "after consonant"
},
{
"ipa": "[-wan]",
"note": "after [u]"
},
{
"ipa": "[-jan]",
"note": "after [i]"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʔan]",
"note": "after non-[i] or [u] vowel"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English -ant",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Old French -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "la",
"3": "-āns"
},
"expansion": "Latin -āns",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ende",
"pos": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ende (present participle ending)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English -ant, from Middle English -ant, -aunt, partly from Old French -ant, from Latin -āns; and partly (in adjectival derivations) continuing Middle English -ant, a variant of -and, -end, from Old English -ende (present participle ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Jawi spelling",
"4": "-ن"
},
"expansion": "-an (Jawi spelling -ن)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-an"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "militant",
"text": "militan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ant"
],
"id": "en--an-ms-suffix-op~hZdgZ",
"links": [
[
"-ant",
"-ant"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) -ant"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ən]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-an]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay suffixes",
"Malay terms borrowed from English",
"Malay terms derived from English",
"Malay terms derived from Latin",
"Malay terms derived from Middle English",
"Malay terms derived from Old English",
"Malay terms derived from Old French",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay unproductive suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 34 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: -an"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-an"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-an",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "after consonant",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "[i] -ن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "after [u] -ان",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "after non-[i]",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "[u] vowel -اءن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Jawi spelling after consonant or i",
"4": "-ن",
"5": "Jawi spelling after u",
"6": "-ان",
"7": "Jawi spelling after non-i or u vowel",
"8": "-اءن"
},
"expansion": "-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-an"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for collectivity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for similarity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for object"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix for place"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bangun (“to wake up, to get up”) + -an → bangunan (“building”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix for instrument"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-an/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-an]",
"note": "after consonant"
},
{
"ipa": "[-wan]",
"note": "after [u]"
},
{
"ipa": "[-jan]",
"note": "after [i]"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʔan]",
"note": "after non-[i] or [u] vowel"
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay suffixes",
"Malay terms borrowed from English",
"Malay terms derived from English",
"Malay terms derived from Latin",
"Malay terms derived from Middle English",
"Malay terms derived from Old English",
"Malay terms derived from Old French",
"Malay unproductive suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 34 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English -ant",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Old French -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "la",
"3": "-āns"
},
"expansion": "Latin -āns",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ende",
"pos": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ende (present participle ending)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English -ant, from Middle English -ant, -aunt, partly from Old French -ant, from Latin -āns; and partly (in adjectival derivations) continuing Middle English -ant, a variant of -and, -end, from Old English -ende (present participle ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ن",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Jawi spelling",
"4": "-ن"
},
"expansion": "-an (Jawi spelling -ن)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-an"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "militant",
"text": "militan",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ant"
],
"links": [
[
"-ant",
"-ant"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) -ant"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ən]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-an]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
"word": "-an"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -an meaning in Malay (4.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('Jawi',): '[i] -ن' in '-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)'",
"path": [
"-an"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-an",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('Jawi',): 'after [u] -ان' in '-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)'",
"path": [
"-an"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-an",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('Jawi',): 'after non-[i]' in '-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)'",
"path": [
"-an"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-an",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('Jawi',): '[u] vowel -اءن' in '-an (Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] -ن, Jawi spelling after [u] -ان, Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel -اءن)'",
"path": [
"-an"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-an",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Malay dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.