See tuna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "tuna",
"t": "deficient, failing, lacking"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तुन्न",
"t": "struck, hurt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”), from Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tuna (Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ)",
"name": "mak-adjective"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧na"
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now the ground that rises high toward the west and is low toward the east is excellent for building a dwelling.",
"text": "Na ia butta matinggia ri kasaʼrakkanga, na matuna ri pammumbàng, iami antu masarro laʼbiriʼ niempòi.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The price is already low.",
"text": "Tunami ballinna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"low (of price, height)"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-Sj7pb47T",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"low in value, insignificant, minor, inferior"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-xW0zGK2K",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#English"
],
[
"insignificant",
"insignificant#English"
],
[
"minor",
"minor#English"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lesser, lowly, disgraced"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-zjvf0v5h",
"links": [
[
"lesser",
"lesser#English"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly#English"
],
[
"disgraced",
"disgraced#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "My parents are indeed despicable.",
"text": "Tuna memang tau toaku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-YRDHAksi",
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor#English"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheap (in price)"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-4Anv0Y8w",
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He was humble in his words.",
"text": "Tuna ri kana-kananna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"modest, humble"
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adj-Aw8013BC",
"links": [
[
"modest",
"modest#English"
],
[
"humble",
"humble#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʼtuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ʰu.na]"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "tuna",
"t": "deficient, failing, lacking"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तुन्न",
"t": "struck, hurt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”), from Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tuna (Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ)",
"name": "mak-adverb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧na"
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 1 23 2 19 1 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tau tuna"
},
{
"word": "tuna gauʼ"
},
{
"word": "tuna kana-kana"
},
{
"word": "tuna lele"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in comparisons, to indicate something is lesser or equivalent in some respect."
],
"id": "en-tuna-mak-adv-Tdy-8V~j"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʼtuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ʰu.na]"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Makasar adjectives",
"Makasar adverbs",
"Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"Makasar lemmas",
"Makasar terms borrowed from Old Javanese",
"Makasar terms derived from Old Javanese",
"Makasar terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pages with 41 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "tuna",
"t": "deficient, failing, lacking"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तुन्न",
"t": "struck, hurt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”), from Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tuna (Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ)",
"name": "mak-adjective"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧na"
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Makasar terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now the ground that rises high toward the west and is low toward the east is excellent for building a dwelling.",
"text": "Na ia butta matinggia ri kasaʼrakkanga, na matuna ri pammumbàng, iami antu masarro laʼbiriʼ niempòi.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The price is already low.",
"text": "Tunami ballinna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"low (of price, height)"
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"low in value, insignificant, minor, inferior"
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#English"
],
[
"insignificant",
"insignificant#English"
],
[
"minor",
"minor#English"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lesser, lowly, disgraced"
],
"links": [
[
"lesser",
"lesser#English"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly#English"
],
[
"disgraced",
"disgraced#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Makasar terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "My parents are indeed despicable.",
"text": "Tuna memang tau toaku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable"
],
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor#English"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheap (in price)"
],
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Makasar terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He was humble in his words.",
"text": "Tuna ri kana-kananna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"modest, humble"
],
"links": [
[
"modest",
"modest#English"
],
[
"humble",
"humble#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʼtuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ʰu.na]"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Makasar adjectives",
"Makasar adverbs",
"Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"Makasar lemmas",
"Makasar terms borrowed from Old Javanese",
"Makasar terms derived from Old Javanese",
"Makasar terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pages with 41 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tau tuna"
},
{
"word": "tuna gauʼ"
},
{
"word": "tuna kana-kana"
},
{
"word": "tuna lele"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "kaw",
"3": "tuna",
"t": "deficient, failing, lacking"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तुन्न",
"t": "struck, hurt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”), from Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tuna (Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ)",
"name": "mak-adverb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tu‧na"
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used in comparisons, to indicate something is lesser or equivalent in some respect."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʼtuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ʰu.na]"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tuna meaning in Makasar (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ",
"path": [
"tuna"
],
"section": "Makasar",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "tuna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Lontara spelling ᨈᨘᨊ",
"path": [
"tuna"
],
"section": "Makasar",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "tuna",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Makasar dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.