"Jālgab" meaning in Livonian

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  ],
  "etymology_text": "Latvian proper noun Jelgava and 17th century countable noun jelgava (“town, city”) (later replaced by pilsēta) are popularly believed to be a borrowing from Livonian jālgab (“town, city”). Karulis, however, thinks that this word doesn't have a plausible Finnic etymology and suggests it being a borrowing from Latvian, in Latvian ultimately from *Heh₃l- (“to bend”) whence also leja (“underside, depression, valley”), dialectal meanings of elks (“elbow, part of sleeve around elbow, turn, angle”), elkonis (“elbow”). The name of Jelgava could also be related to dialectal jelgs (“wet”) or the noun jelga (“a swampy place”).\nKarulis' version, however, raises questions as Jelgava has been historically called Mītava and Mitau in Latvian and German respectively (according to Karulis himself of Baltic stock, cognate with the verb mīt (“to stagger, shift, trade”)). (Kersti Boiko also tangentially mentions Nītauja as an earlier name for Jelgava.) Suggesting Livonian borrowing from Latvian a term that perhaps was not even used in Latvian at that time is anachronistic.",
  "forms": [
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
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      "form": "liv-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    {
      "form": "Jālgab",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgab",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
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    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Jālgab",
      "name": "head"
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  ],
  "lang": "Livonian",
  "lang_code": "liv",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Livonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
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          "source": "w"
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
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        {
          "kind": "place",
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          "orig": "liv:Places in Latvia",
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            "Lemmas"
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        {
          "text": "Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA\nJālgab – Jelgava – Jelgava\nJelgava – Jelgava – Jelgava"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Jelgava (a town in Latvia)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Jālgab-liv-name-SqaTx4p1",
      "links": [
        [
          "Jelgava",
          "Jelgava#English"
        ],
        [
          "Latvia",
          "Latvia#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑːlɡɑb/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Jālgab"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "lv",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Latvian proper noun Jelgava and 17th century countable noun jelgava (“town, city”) (later replaced by pilsēta) are popularly believed to be a borrowing from Livonian jālgab (“town, city”). Karulis, however, thinks that this word doesn't have a plausible Finnic etymology and suggests it being a borrowing from Latvian, in Latvian ultimately from *Heh₃l- (“to bend”) whence also leja (“underside, depression, valley”), dialectal meanings of elks (“elbow, part of sleeve around elbow, turn, angle”), elkonis (“elbow”). The name of Jelgava could also be related to dialectal jelgs (“wet”) or the noun jelga (“a swampy place”).\nKarulis' version, however, raises questions as Jelgava has been historically called Mītava and Mitau in Latvian and German respectively (according to Karulis himself of Baltic stock, cognate with the verb mīt (“to stagger, shift, trade”)). (Kersti Boiko also tangentially mentions Nītauja as an earlier name for Jelgava.) Suggesting Livonian borrowing from Latvian a term that perhaps was not even used in Latvian at that time is anachronistic.",
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      "source": "declension",
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      "source": "declension",
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      "form": "Jālgab",
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      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
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    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgab",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabõs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
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    {
      "form": "Jālgabõst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jālgabst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
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      "expansion": "Jālgab",
      "name": "head"
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          "text": "Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA\nJālgab – Jelgava – Jelgava\nJelgava – Jelgava – Jelgava"
        }
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        "Jelgava (a town in Latvia)"
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          "Jelgava",
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        ],
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  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑːlɡɑb/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Jālgab"
}