See laivas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "laiva"
},
"expansion": "Latvian laiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*laiva",
"t": "ship"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *laiva (“ship”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "laiva",
"t": "ship; nave"
},
"expansion": "Finnish laiva (“ship; nave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "laev"
},
"expansion": "Estonian laev",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "loja",
"3": "lōja"
},
"expansion": "Livonian lōja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*flawją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *flawją",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fley",
"t": "boat, raft"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fley (“boat, raft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ley-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variants within Lithuanian include dialectal laĩvė, archaic laĩva; Latvian laiva is also cognate. Outside of Baltic, the relationship by borrowing to Proto-Finnic *laiva (“ship”) (Finnish laiva (“ship; nave”), Estonian laev, Livonian lōja) is undisputed, leaving the question of which family had the word first. It is now identified as a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *flawją (cf. Old Norse fley (“boat, raft”)) into Finnic and thence Baltic, showing the Finnic sound law *vj > jv established by Koivulehto (1970).\nEarlier, a Baltic inherited origin had been sought. Karulis took the word to be perhaps originally used by Curonian fishermen and later spread to all the Eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, and offered the internal etymology Proto-Baltic *leiw-, *laiw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ley- with an extra -w, from *el-ey, from *Heh₃l- (“to bend, to turn”); this theory would make the original meaning “bent, concave (object)”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laĩvas",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine",
"stress-pattern-4"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-m-as-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivų̃",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laiváms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivùs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laivù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laivè",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivuosè",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "laivaĩ",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "laĩvas"
},
"expansion": "laĩvas m (plural laivaĩ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "laivaĩ",
"3": "4",
"head": "laĩvas"
},
"expansion": "laĩvas m (plural laivaĩ) stress pattern 4",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "laĩvas",
"10": "laivaĩs",
"11": "laivè",
"12": "laivuosè",
"13": "laĩve",
"14": "laivaĩ",
"2": "laivaĩ",
"3": "laĩvo",
"4": "laivų̃",
"5": "laĩvui",
"6": "laiváms",
"7": "laĩvą",
"8": "laivùs",
"9": "laivù"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "lt:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "lt:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ship (large water vessel)"
],
"id": "en-laivas-lt-noun-M1dpsBYZ",
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
]
}
],
"word": "laivas"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "laiva"
},
"expansion": "Latvian laiva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*laiva",
"t": "ship"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *laiva (“ship”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "laiva",
"t": "ship; nave"
},
"expansion": "Finnish laiva (“ship; nave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "laev"
},
"expansion": "Estonian laev",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "loja",
"3": "lōja"
},
"expansion": "Livonian lōja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*flawją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *flawją",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fley",
"t": "boat, raft"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fley (“boat, raft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ley-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ley-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variants within Lithuanian include dialectal laĩvė, archaic laĩva; Latvian laiva is also cognate. Outside of Baltic, the relationship by borrowing to Proto-Finnic *laiva (“ship”) (Finnish laiva (“ship; nave”), Estonian laev, Livonian lōja) is undisputed, leaving the question of which family had the word first. It is now identified as a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *flawją (cf. Old Norse fley (“boat, raft”)) into Finnic and thence Baltic, showing the Finnic sound law *vj > jv established by Koivulehto (1970).\nEarlier, a Baltic inherited origin had been sought. Karulis took the word to be perhaps originally used by Curonian fishermen and later spread to all the Eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, and offered the internal etymology Proto-Baltic *leiw-, *laiw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ley- with an extra -w, from *el-ey, from *Heh₃l- (“to bend, to turn”); this theory would make the original meaning “bent, concave (object)”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laĩvas",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine",
"stress-pattern-4"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-m-as-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivų̃",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laiváms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩvą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivùs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laivù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laivè",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laivuosè",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laĩve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laivaĩ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "laivaĩ",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "laĩvas"
},
"expansion": "laĩvas m (plural laivaĩ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "laivaĩ",
"3": "4",
"head": "laĩvas"
},
"expansion": "laĩvas m (plural laivaĩ) stress pattern 4",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "laĩvas",
"10": "laivaĩs",
"11": "laivè",
"12": "laivuosè",
"13": "laĩve",
"14": "laivaĩ",
"2": "laivaĩ",
"3": "laĩvo",
"4": "laivų̃",
"5": "laĩvui",
"6": "laiváms",
"7": "laĩvą",
"8": "laivùs",
"9": "laivù"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian lemmas",
"Lithuanian masculine nouns",
"Lithuanian nouns",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in Lithuanian entries",
"lt:Nautical",
"lt:Vehicles"
],
"glosses": [
"ship (large water vessel)"
],
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
]
}
],
"word": "laivas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for laivas meaning in Lithuanian (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Lithuanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.