See tornis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German torn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dum",
"3": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch toorn",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian toer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Turm"
},
"expansion": "German Turm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian torn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German torn or Middle Dutch toorn or an East Frisian word (compare West Frisian toer; also compare German Turm), itself a borrowing, via Old Frisian torn, from Latin turris (accusative turrem). A dialectal German form Turn, borrowed as turnis, would in the Kurzeme dialects yield tornis (with [uo]). This word is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tornis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tornim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tornī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "torņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tornis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "tornis m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tor",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tor",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tornis",
"10": "torņiem",
"11": "tornī",
"12": "torņos",
"13": "torni",
"14": "torņi",
"2": "torņi",
"3": "torni",
"4": "torņus",
"5": "torņa",
"6": "torņu",
"7": "tornim",
"8": "torņiem",
"9": "torni",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "karalis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dāma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "laidnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "zirdziņš"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bandinieks"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 48 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "lv:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "church, castle tower",
"text": "baznīcas, pils tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "observation tower",
"text": "skatu, novērošanas tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fire tower",
"text": "ugunsdzēsēju tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "television tower",
"text": "televīzijas tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fortress tower",
"text": "cietokšņa tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "control tower",
"text": "vadības tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wooden, steel tower",
"text": "koka, tērauda tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "reinforced concrete tower",
"text": "dzelzsbetona tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "top of the tower",
"text": "torņa augša",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tower clock",
"text": "torņa pulkstenis",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tower (tall, cylindrical or similarly shaped structure in a building)"
],
"id": "en-tornis-lv-noun-QwH9bep4",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"cylindrical",
"cylindrical#English"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 48 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "lv:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 67 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Buildings",
"orig": "lv:Buildings",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "silo (lit. silage tower)",
"text": "skābbarības tornis",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tank, silo (large vertical building used to store grain)"
],
"id": "en-tornis-lv-noun-Qy38xsWG",
"links": [
[
"tank",
"tank"
],
[
"silo",
"silo"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical#English"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
],
[
"store",
"store#English"
],
[
"grain",
"grain#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "lv:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 29 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 29 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 48 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "lv:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 95",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "lv:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to involve, employ the rook in the game",
"text": "iesaistīt torni spēlē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rook (chess piece shaped like a castle tower)"
],
"id": "en-tornis-lv-noun-VPGT3NGh",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
],
[
"chess piece",
"chess piece#English"
],
[
"castle",
"castle#English"
],
[
"tower",
"tower#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook (chess piece shaped like a castle tower)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tūōrnis]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:tornis"
],
"word": "tornis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian second declension nouns",
"Latvian term requests",
"Latvian terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"Latvian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Latvian terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Agriculture",
"lv:Buildings",
"lv:Chess"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German torn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dum",
"3": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch toorn",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian toer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Turm"
},
"expansion": "German Turm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian torn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German torn or Middle Dutch toorn or an East Frisian word (compare West Frisian toer; also compare German Turm), itself a borrowing, via Old Frisian torn, from Latin turris (accusative turrem). A dialectal German form Turn, borrowed as turnis, would in the Kurzeme dialects yield tornis (with [uo]). This word is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tornis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tornim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tornī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "torņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tornis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "tornis m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tor",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tor",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tornis",
"10": "torņiem",
"11": "tornī",
"12": "torņos",
"13": "torni",
"14": "torņi",
"2": "torņi",
"3": "torni",
"4": "torņus",
"5": "torņa",
"6": "torņu",
"7": "tornim",
"8": "torņiem",
"9": "torni",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "karalis"
},
{
"word": "dāma"
},
{
"word": "laidnis"
},
{
"word": "zirdziņš"
},
{
"word": "bandinieks"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "church, castle tower",
"text": "baznīcas, pils tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "observation tower",
"text": "skatu, novērošanas tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fire tower",
"text": "ugunsdzēsēju tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "television tower",
"text": "televīzijas tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fortress tower",
"text": "cietokšņa tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "control tower",
"text": "vadības tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wooden, steel tower",
"text": "koka, tērauda tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "reinforced concrete tower",
"text": "dzelzsbetona tornis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "top of the tower",
"text": "torņa augša",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tower clock",
"text": "torņa pulkstenis",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tower (tall, cylindrical or similarly shaped structure in a building)"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"cylindrical",
"cylindrical#English"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "silo (lit. silage tower)",
"text": "skābbarības tornis",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tank, silo (large vertical building used to store grain)"
],
"links": [
[
"tank",
"tank"
],
[
"silo",
"silo"
],
[
"vertical",
"vertical#English"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
],
[
"store",
"store#English"
],
[
"grain",
"grain#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"lv:Chess"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to involve, employ the rook in the game",
"text": "iesaistīt torni spēlē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rook (chess piece shaped like a castle tower)"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
],
[
"chess piece",
"chess piece#English"
],
[
"castle",
"castle#English"
],
[
"tower",
"tower#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook (chess piece shaped like a castle tower)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tūōrnis]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:tornis"
],
"word": "tornis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tornis meaning in Latvian (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.