"spainis" meaning in Latvian

See spainis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [spāīnis]
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”), likely from the same ultimate source as English span, similar to Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”). This generated the dialectal form spanis, spannis; in Kurzeme, also *spandis > spaņģis (with ģ probably from genitive *spandya); compare Lithuanian dialectal forms spandis, spañgis (possibly borrowings from Kurzeme dialects). Two explanations have been proposed for the irregular ai (instead of an(n)) in the literary form: * influence from dialectal (Kurzeme) *spainis, a variant of spailis, spails (“set of fishing equipment”), at first in Kurzeme, and later on spreading to other dialects; or a contamination between an earlier form *span(n)is and Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”), * or its Ewe dialectal synonym paenas, paenal. The borrowing is first mentioned as spanis, spannis in 17th-century dictionaries; by the end of that century, the variant spainis is also attested. In the first Bible translations one finds spaņģis. The literary form spainis progressed slowly: in the 19th century, J. Alunāns still used spannis, spanis; in dictionaries from the 1870s and 1880s, spainis was only a variant. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did spainis begin to dominate, when spannis, spanis was perceived (and avoided) as a Germanism. Etymology templates: {{bor|lv|gml|span|t=wooden bucket}} Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”), {{cog|en|span}} English span, {{cog|sv|spann|t=pail, bucket}} Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”), {{cog|lt|-}} Lithuanian, {{cog|liv|pàynal||wooden round container}} Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”), {{cog|ee|-}} Ewe Head templates: {{head|lv|noun|g=m|g2=|head=|sort=}} spainis m, {{lv-noun|m|2nd}} spainis m (2nd declension) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-noun|spai|is|2nd||n|ņ|extrawidth=-60}}, {{lv-decl-noun-2|spai|is|4=|5=n|6=ņ|7=|8=|drop-v=|keep-s=|x=-60}}, {{lv-decl-noun-table|spainis|spaiņi|spaini|spaiņus|spaiņa|spaiņu|spainim|spaiņiem|spaini|spaiņiem|spainī|spaiņos|spaini|spaiņi|type=2nd declension|x=-60}} Forms: declension-2 [table-tags], spainis [nominative, singular], spaiņi [nominative, plural], spaini [accusative, singular], spaiņus [accusative, plural], spaiņa [genitive, singular], spaiņu [genitive, plural], spainim [dative, singular], spaiņiem [dative, plural], spaini [instrumental, singular], spaiņiem [instrumental, plural], spainī [locative, singular], spaiņos [locative, plural], spaini [singular, vocative], spaiņi [plural, vocative]
  1. bucket, pail (cylindrical metal, wooden, or plastic container with a handle) Tags: declension-2, masculine Categories (topical): Containers Synonyms: spanis, spannis, spaņģis [dialectal]
    Sense id: en-spainis-lv-noun-8Ak9Rj5B Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian links with redundant target parameters, Latvian words with level intonation, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "span",
        "t": "wooden bucket"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "span"
      },
      "expansion": "English span",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spann",
        "t": "pail, bucket"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "pàynal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wooden round container"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ee",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ewe",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”), likely from the same ultimate source as English span, similar to Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”).\nThis generated the dialectal form spanis, spannis; in Kurzeme, also *spandis > spaņģis (with ģ probably from genitive *spandya); compare Lithuanian dialectal forms spandis, spañgis (possibly borrowings from Kurzeme dialects).\nTwo explanations have been proposed for the irregular ai (instead of an(n)) in the literary form:\n* influence from dialectal (Kurzeme) *spainis, a variant of spailis, spails (“set of fishing equipment”), at first in Kurzeme, and later on spreading to other dialects; or a contamination between an earlier form *span(n)is and Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”),\n* or its Ewe dialectal synonym paenas, paenal.\nThe borrowing is first mentioned as spanis, spannis in 17th-century dictionaries; by the end of that century, the variant spainis is also attested. In the first Bible translations one finds spaņģis. The literary form spainis progressed slowly: in the 19th century, J. Alunāns still used spannis, spanis; in dictionaries from the 1870s and 1880s, spainis was only a variant. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did spainis begin to dominate, when spannis, spanis was perceived (and avoided) as a Germanism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spainis m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "2nd"
      },
      "expansion": "spainis m (2nd declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spai",
        "2": "is",
        "3": "2nd",
        "4": "",
        "5": "n",
        "6": "ņ",
        "extrawidth": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spai",
        "2": "is",
        "4": "",
        "5": "n",
        "6": "ņ",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spainis",
        "10": "spaiņiem",
        "11": "spainī",
        "12": "spaiņos",
        "13": "spaini",
        "14": "spaiņi",
        "2": "spaiņi",
        "3": "spaini",
        "4": "spaiņus",
        "5": "spaiņa",
        "6": "spaiņu",
        "7": "spainim",
        "8": "spaiņiem",
        "9": "spaini",
        "type": "2nd declension",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Containers",
          "orig": "lv:Containers",
          "parents": [
            "Tools",
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "milk bucket",
          "text": "piena spainis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "enamelled bucket",
          "text": "emaljēts spainis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to carry water with buckets",
          "text": "nest ūdeni ar spaiņiem",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "wooden, aluminum, plastic bucket",
          "text": "koka, alumīnija, plastmasas spainis",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bucket, pail (cylindrical metal, wooden, or plastic container with a handle)"
      ],
      "id": "en-spainis-lv-noun-8Ak9Rj5B",
      "links": [
        [
          "bucket",
          "bucket"
        ],
        [
          "pail",
          "pail"
        ],
        [
          "cylindrical",
          "cylindrical#English"
        ],
        [
          "metal",
          "metal#English"
        ],
        [
          "wooden",
          "wooden#English"
        ],
        [
          "plastic",
          "plastic#English"
        ],
        [
          "container",
          "container#English"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "spanis"
        },
        {
          "word": "spannis"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "dialectal"
          ],
          "word": "spaņģis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[spāīnis]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spainis"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "span",
        "t": "wooden bucket"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "span"
      },
      "expansion": "English span",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "spann",
        "t": "pail, bucket"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "pàynal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wooden round container"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ee",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ewe",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German span (“wooden bucket”), likely from the same ultimate source as English span, similar to Swedish spann (“pail, bucket”).\nThis generated the dialectal form spanis, spannis; in Kurzeme, also *spandis > spaņģis (with ģ probably from genitive *spandya); compare Lithuanian dialectal forms spandis, spañgis (possibly borrowings from Kurzeme dialects).\nTwo explanations have been proposed for the irregular ai (instead of an(n)) in the literary form:\n* influence from dialectal (Kurzeme) *spainis, a variant of spailis, spails (“set of fishing equipment”), at first in Kurzeme, and later on spreading to other dialects; or a contamination between an earlier form *span(n)is and Livonian pàynal (“wooden round container”),\n* or its Ewe dialectal synonym paenas, paenal.\nThe borrowing is first mentioned as spanis, spannis in 17th-century dictionaries; by the end of that century, the variant spainis is also attested. In the first Bible translations one finds spaņģis. The literary form spainis progressed slowly: in the 19th century, J. Alunāns still used spannis, spanis; in dictionaries from the 1870s and 1880s, spainis was only a variant. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did spainis begin to dominate, when spannis, spanis was perceived (and avoided) as a Germanism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spainī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaiņi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spainis m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "2nd"
      },
      "expansion": "spainis m (2nd declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spai",
        "2": "is",
        "3": "2nd",
        "4": "",
        "5": "n",
        "6": "ņ",
        "extrawidth": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spai",
        "2": "is",
        "4": "",
        "5": "n",
        "6": "ņ",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spainis",
        "10": "spaiņiem",
        "11": "spainī",
        "12": "spaiņos",
        "13": "spaini",
        "14": "spaiņi",
        "2": "spaiņi",
        "3": "spaini",
        "4": "spaiņus",
        "5": "spaiņa",
        "6": "spaiņu",
        "7": "spainim",
        "8": "spaiņiem",
        "9": "spaini",
        "type": "2nd declension",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
        "Latvian lemmas",
        "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
        "Latvian masculine nouns",
        "Latvian nouns",
        "Latvian second declension nouns",
        "Latvian terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
        "Latvian terms derived from Middle Low German",
        "Latvian terms with usage examples",
        "Latvian words with level intonation",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "lv:Containers"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "milk bucket",
          "text": "piena spainis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "enamelled bucket",
          "text": "emaljēts spainis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to carry water with buckets",
          "text": "nest ūdeni ar spaiņiem",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "wooden, aluminum, plastic bucket",
          "text": "koka, alumīnija, plastmasas spainis",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bucket, pail (cylindrical metal, wooden, or plastic container with a handle)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bucket",
          "bucket"
        ],
        [
          "pail",
          "pail"
        ],
        [
          "cylindrical",
          "cylindrical#English"
        ],
        [
          "metal",
          "metal#English"
        ],
        [
          "wooden",
          "wooden#English"
        ],
        [
          "plastic",
          "plastic#English"
        ],
        [
          "container",
          "container#English"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[spāīnis]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "spanis"
    },
    {
      "word": "spannis"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "spaņģis"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spainis"
}

Download raw JSONL data for spainis meaning in Latvian (5.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.