See menca in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for menca meaning in Latvian (5.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*menkyā-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *menkyā-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*menk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to knead, to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *menk- (“to knead, to crush”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mīksts",
"3": "",
"4": "soft"
},
"expansion": "mīksts (“soft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mīcīt",
"3": "",
"4": "to knead"
},
"expansion": "mīcīt (“to knead”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ménkė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ménkė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "menkia"
},
"expansion": "menkia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "meñkas",
"3": "",
"4": "minor, small, unimportant, weak"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian meñkas (“minor, small, unimportant, weak”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *menkyā-, from Proto-Indo-European *menk- (“to knead, to crush”) (> “to weaken, to make small, low-valued”); the full en remained in Kurzeme dialects (compare, from the same stem, mīksts (“soft”), mīcīt (“to knead”), where en > ī), from which it spread to other dialects. The semantic development suggests that this fish was seen as unimportant or low-valued. Cognates include Lithuanian ménkė, dialectal menkia; the same stem is also found in Lithuanian meñkas (“minor, small, unimportant, weak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "menca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "menca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "menca f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "menca f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "menc",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "menc",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "menca",
"10": "mencām",
"11": "mencā",
"12": "mencās",
"13": "menca",
"14": "mencas",
"16": "",
"2": "mencas",
"3": "mencu",
"4": "mencas",
"5": "mencas",
"6": "mencu",
"7": "mencai",
"8": "mencām",
"9": "mencu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "lv:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Atlantic cod",
"text": "Atlantijas menca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cod species (plural)",
"text": "mencu sugas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cod fishing",
"text": "mencu zveja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mencu fileja ― cod filet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "smoked cod",
"text": "kūpināta menca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "codfish in oil",
"text": "menca eļļā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cod, codfish (sea fish, family Gadidae)"
],
"id": "en-menca-lv-noun-9jpY~2py",
"links": [
[
"cod",
"cod"
],
[
"codfish",
"codfish"
],
[
"Gadidae",
"Gadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mǣntsa]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-menca.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Lv-riga-menca.ogg/Lv-riga-menca.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Lv-riga-menca.ogg"
}
],
"word": "menca"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*menkyā-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *menkyā-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*menk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to knead, to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *menk- (“to knead, to crush”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mīksts",
"3": "",
"4": "soft"
},
"expansion": "mīksts (“soft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "mīcīt",
"3": "",
"4": "to knead"
},
"expansion": "mīcīt (“to knead”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ménkė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ménkė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "menkia"
},
"expansion": "menkia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "meñkas",
"3": "",
"4": "minor, small, unimportant, weak"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian meñkas (“minor, small, unimportant, weak”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *menkyā-, from Proto-Indo-European *menk- (“to knead, to crush”) (> “to weaken, to make small, low-valued”); the full en remained in Kurzeme dialects (compare, from the same stem, mīksts (“soft”), mīcīt (“to knead”), where en > ī), from which it spread to other dialects. The semantic development suggests that this fish was seen as unimportant or low-valued. Cognates include Lithuanian ménkė, dialectal menkia; the same stem is also found in Lithuanian meñkas (“minor, small, unimportant, weak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "menca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mencā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mencās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "menca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mencas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "menca f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "menca f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "menc",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "menc",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "menca",
"10": "mencām",
"11": "mencā",
"12": "mencās",
"13": "menca",
"14": "mencas",
"16": "",
"2": "mencas",
"3": "mencu",
"4": "mencas",
"5": "mencas",
"6": "mencu",
"7": "mencai",
"8": "mencām",
"9": "mencu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "0"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"lv:Fish"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Atlantic cod",
"text": "Atlantijas menca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cod species (plural)",
"text": "mencu sugas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cod fishing",
"text": "mencu zveja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mencu fileja ― cod filet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "smoked cod",
"text": "kūpināta menca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "codfish in oil",
"text": "menca eļļā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cod, codfish (sea fish, family Gadidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"cod",
"cod"
],
[
"codfish",
"codfish"
],
[
"Gadidae",
"Gadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mǣntsa]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-menca.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Lv-riga-menca.ogg/Lv-riga-menca.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Lv-riga-menca.ogg"
}
],
"word": "menca"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.