See alnis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for alnis meaning in Latvian (7.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*alnis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *alnis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁el-",
"4": "",
"5": "white, light, also reddish-brown color"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“white, light, also reddish-brown color”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁el-",
"3": "*h₁elh₁ēn"
},
"expansion": "*h₁elh₁ēn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "alnis"
},
"expansion": "alnis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Juris Alunāns",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Juris Alunāns",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "élnias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian élnias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "alnis",
"3": "álnis",
"4": "deer"
},
"expansion": "álnis (“deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "alne",
"3": "",
"4": "wild animal"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian alne (“wild animal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "лани"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic лани (lani)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лань"
},
"expansion": "Russian лань (lanʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "laně",
"3": "",
"4": "female deer"
},
"expansion": "Czech laně (“female deer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)elenь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥлєнь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѥлєнь (jelenĭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "оле́нь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian оле́нь (olénʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "але́нь"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian але́нь (aljénʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "еле́н"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian еле́н (elén)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "jelen"
},
"expansion": "Czech jelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "jeleń"
},
"expansion": "Polish jeleń",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑλλός",
"3": "",
"4": "dear-calf"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἑλλός (hellós, “dear-calf”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔλαφος",
"3": "",
"4": "deer"
},
"expansion": "ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁éln̥bʰos"
},
"expansion": "*h₁éln̥bʰos",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *alnis, from a derived form of Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“white, light, also reddish-brown color”) (maybe *h₁elh₁ēn). In ancient Latvian, alnis must have meant “deer” (in general), as in other Baltic languages; in this sense, however, the word disappeared, perhaps as a consequence of the diminishing numbers of this species in nature. Juris Alunāns reintroduced it into the literary language in the 19th century with its original meaning (“deer”), but, by the beginning of the 20th century, it had changed to its modern meaning (“elk”). Cognates include Lithuanian élnias, dialectal álnis (“deer”), Old Prussian alne (“wild animal”) (probably earlier “female deer”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani), Russian лань (lanʹ), Czech laně (“female deer”), Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь (Old Church Slavonic ѥлєнь (jelenĭ), Russian and Ukrainian оле́нь (olénʹ), Belarusian але́нь (aljénʹ), Bulgarian еле́н (elén), Czech jelen, Polish jeleń), Ancient Greek ἑλλός (hellós, “dear-calf”), ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”) (< *h₁éln̥bʰos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "alnis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alnim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "alnis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "alnis m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "ln",
"6": "ļņ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "ln",
"6": "ļņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alnis",
"10": "aļņiem",
"11": "alnī",
"12": "aļņos",
"13": "alni",
"14": "aļņi",
"2": "aļņi",
"3": "alni",
"4": "aļņus",
"5": "aļņa",
"6": "aļņu",
"7": "alnim",
"8": "aļņiem",
"9": "alni",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "lv:Mammals",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "aļņa ragi ― elk antlers",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "elk calf",
"text": "aļņu telēns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hunt elk",
"text": "medīt aļņus",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the little clearing a large, beautiful forest elk appeared, with mighty flat horns",
"text": "klajumiņā parādījās meža skaistulis alnis ar vareniem lāpstveida ragiem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elk, moose (Alces alces)"
],
"id": "en-alnis-lv-noun-NgbAJ0ma",
"links": [
[
"elk",
"elk"
],
[
"moose",
"moose"
],
[
"Alces alces",
"Alces alces#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:alnis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[âlnis]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-alnis.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg"
}
],
"word": "alnis"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*alnis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *alnis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁el-",
"4": "",
"5": "white, light, also reddish-brown color"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“white, light, also reddish-brown color”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁el-",
"3": "*h₁elh₁ēn"
},
"expansion": "*h₁elh₁ēn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "alnis"
},
"expansion": "alnis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Juris Alunāns",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Juris Alunāns",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "élnias"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian élnias",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "alnis",
"3": "álnis",
"4": "deer"
},
"expansion": "álnis (“deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "alne",
"3": "",
"4": "wild animal"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian alne (“wild animal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "лани"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic лани (lani)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лань"
},
"expansion": "Russian лань (lanʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "laně",
"3": "",
"4": "female deer"
},
"expansion": "Czech laně (“female deer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)elenь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥлєнь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѥлєнь (jelenĭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "оле́нь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian оле́нь (olénʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "але́нь"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian але́нь (aljénʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "еле́н"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian еле́н (elén)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "jelen"
},
"expansion": "Czech jelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "jeleń"
},
"expansion": "Polish jeleń",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑλλός",
"3": "",
"4": "dear-calf"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἑλλός (hellós, “dear-calf”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔλαφος",
"3": "",
"4": "deer"
},
"expansion": "ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁éln̥bʰos"
},
"expansion": "*h₁éln̥bʰos",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *alnis, from a derived form of Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“white, light, also reddish-brown color”) (maybe *h₁elh₁ēn). In ancient Latvian, alnis must have meant “deer” (in general), as in other Baltic languages; in this sense, however, the word disappeared, perhaps as a consequence of the diminishing numbers of this species in nature. Juris Alunāns reintroduced it into the literary language in the 19th century with its original meaning (“deer”), but, by the beginning of the 20th century, it had changed to its modern meaning (“elk”). Cognates include Lithuanian élnias, dialectal álnis (“deer”), Old Prussian alne (“wild animal”) (probably earlier “female deer”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani), Russian лань (lanʹ), Czech laně (“female deer”), Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь (Old Church Slavonic ѥлєнь (jelenĭ), Russian and Ukrainian оле́нь (olénʹ), Belarusian але́нь (aljénʹ), Bulgarian еле́н (elén), Czech jelen, Polish jeleń), Ancient Greek ἑλλός (hellós, “dear-calf”), ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”) (< *h₁éln̥bʰos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "alnis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alnim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "alni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aļņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "alnis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "alnis m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "ln",
"6": "ļņ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "ln",
"6": "ļņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alnis",
"10": "aļņiem",
"11": "alnī",
"12": "aļņos",
"13": "alni",
"14": "aļņi",
"2": "aļņi",
"3": "alni",
"4": "aļņus",
"5": "aļņa",
"6": "aļņu",
"7": "alnim",
"8": "aļņiem",
"9": "alni",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian coinages",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian second declension nouns",
"Latvian terms coined by Juris Alunāns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"lv:Mammals"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "aļņa ragi ― elk antlers",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "elk calf",
"text": "aļņu telēns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hunt elk",
"text": "medīt aļņus",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the little clearing a large, beautiful forest elk appeared, with mighty flat horns",
"text": "klajumiņā parādījās meža skaistulis alnis ar vareniem lāpstveida ragiem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elk, moose (Alces alces)"
],
"links": [
[
"elk",
"elk"
],
[
"moose",
"moose"
],
[
"Alces alces",
"Alces alces#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:alnis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[âlnis]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-alnis.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Lv-riga-alnis.ogg"
}
],
"word": "alnis"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.