See vulpes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "little fox",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"translation": "little fox",
"word": "vulpēcula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vulpēs marīna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vulpīnor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "fox, vulpine",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "fox, vulpine",
"word": "vulpīnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vulpiō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "vorpe"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "volpi"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "bualp"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "vualp"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "golpe"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "bulpo"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "vorpe"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "vulp"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "hulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"post-1930s Cyrillic spelling"
],
"roman": "vulpe",
"word": "вулпе"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "vulp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Sursilvan"
],
"word": "uolp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "vualp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Sutsilvan"
],
"word": "gualp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Surmiran"
],
"word": "golp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"Vallader"
],
"tags": [
"Puter"
],
"word": "vuolp"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "vurpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gurpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "bolpe"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "vulpo"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Vulpes"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*wolpis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *wolpis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wl(o)p-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "लोपाश",
"tr": "lopāśá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit लोपाश (lopāśá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "louarn"
},
"expansion": "Breton louarn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lãpė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lãpė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀλώπηξ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "روباه",
"tr": "rubâh"
},
"expansion": "Persian روباه (rubâh)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier volpēs, from Proto-Italic *wolpis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”) (compare Sanskrit लोपाश (lopāśá), Breton louarn, Lithuanian lãpė, Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx), Persian روباه (rubâh)), with an analogous gender change. Possibly a conflation with earlier words for \"wolf\"; see wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volpēs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vulpēs<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vulpēs f (genitive vulpis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vulpēs<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 24 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Foxes",
"orig": "la:Foxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fox, vixen"
],
"id": "en-vulpes-la-noun-t9u82qf1",
"links": [
[
"fox",
"fox"
],
[
"vixen",
"vixen"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 72 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 45 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 58 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 76 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"smartness, strategy, quick thinking, adaptability, craftiness, cunning, cleverness, wisdom"
],
"id": "en-vulpes-la-noun-ghMKtPW5",
"links": [
[
"smartness",
"smartness"
],
[
"strategy",
"strategy"
],
[
"quick",
"quick"
],
[
"thinking",
"thinking"
],
[
"adaptability",
"adaptability"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"cleverness",
"cleverness"
],
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) smartness, strategy, quick thinking, adaptability, craftiness, cunning, cleverness, wisdom"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a kind of shark"
],
"id": "en-vulpes-la-noun-1TAraLnH",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈwʊɫ.peːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvul.pes]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vulpes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Foxes"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "little fox",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"translation": "little fox",
"word": "vulpēcula"
},
{
"word": "vulpēs marīna"
},
{
"word": "vulpīnor"
},
{
"english": "fox, vulpine",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "fox, vulpine",
"word": "vulpīnus"
},
{
"word": "vulpiō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "vorpe"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "volpi"
},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "bualp"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "vualp"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "golpe"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "bulpo"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "volpe"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "vorpe"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "vulp"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "vulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "hulpe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"post-1930s Cyrillic spelling"
],
"roman": "vulpe",
"word": "вулпе"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "vulp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Sursilvan"
],
"word": "uolp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "vualp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Sutsilvan"
],
"word": "gualp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"tags": [
"Surmiran"
],
"word": "golp"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"Vallader"
],
"tags": [
"Puter"
],
"word": "vuolp"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "vurpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gurpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "vulpi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from the form gulpi"
],
"word": "gilpa"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gulpi"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "volp"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "bolpe"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "bolp"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "vulpo"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Vulpes"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*wolpis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *wolpis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wl(o)p-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "लोपाश",
"tr": "lopāśá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit लोपाश (lopāśá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "louarn"
},
"expansion": "Breton louarn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "lãpė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian lãpė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀλώπηξ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "روباه",
"tr": "rubâh"
},
"expansion": "Persian روباه (rubâh)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier volpēs, from Proto-Italic *wolpis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”) (compare Sanskrit लोपाश (lopāśá), Breton louarn, Lithuanian lãpė, Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx), Persian روباه (rubâh)), with an analogous gender change. Possibly a conflation with earlier words for \"wolf\"; see wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volpēs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vulpis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vulpēs<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vulpēs f (genitive vulpis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vulpēs<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a fox, vixen"
],
"links": [
[
"fox",
"fox"
],
[
"vixen",
"vixen"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smartness, strategy, quick thinking, adaptability, craftiness, cunning, cleverness, wisdom"
],
"links": [
[
"smartness",
"smartness"
],
[
"strategy",
"strategy"
],
[
"quick",
"quick"
],
[
"thinking",
"thinking"
],
[
"adaptability",
"adaptability"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"cleverness",
"cleverness"
],
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) smartness, strategy, quick thinking, adaptability, craftiness, cunning, cleverness, wisdom"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a kind of shark"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈwʊɫ.peːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvul.pes]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vulpes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vulpes meaning in Latin (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.