"turbulentus" meaning in Latin

See turbulentus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /tur.buˈlen.tus/ [Classical-Latin], [t̪ʊrbʊˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ʊs̠] [Classical-Latin], /tur.buˈlen.tus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [t̪urbuˈlɛn̪t̪us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”). Etymology templates: {{suffix|la|turba|ulentus|t1=stir, tumult|t2=full of, abounding in}} turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”) Head templates: {{la-adj|turbulentus|sup=turbulentissimus}} turbulentus (feminine turbulenta, neuter turbulentum, superlative turbulentissimus); first/second-declension adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|turbulentus}} Forms: turbulenta [feminine], turbulentum [neuter], turbulentissimus [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], turbulentus [masculine, nominative, singular], turbulenta [feminine, nominative, singular], turbulentum [neuter, nominative, singular], turbulentī [masculine, nominative, plural], turbulentae [feminine, nominative, plural], turbulenta [neuter, nominative, plural], turbulentī [genitive, masculine, singular], turbulentae [feminine, genitive, singular], turbulentī [genitive, neuter, singular], turbulentōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], turbulentārum [feminine, genitive, plural], turbulentōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], turbulentō [dative, masculine, singular], turbulentae [dative, feminine, singular], turbulentō [dative, neuter, singular], turbulentīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], turbulentum [accusative, masculine, singular], turbulentam [accusative, feminine, singular], turbulentum [accusative, neuter, singular], turbulentōs [accusative, masculine, plural], turbulentās [accusative, feminine, plural], turbulenta [accusative, neuter, plural], turbulentō [ablative, masculine, singular], turbulentā [ablative, feminine, singular], turbulentō [ablative, neuter, singular], turbulentīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], turbulente [masculine, singular, vocative], turbulenta [feminine, singular, vocative], turbulentum [neuter, singular, vocative], turbulentī [masculine, plural, vocative], turbulentae [feminine, plural, vocative], turbulenta [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. stormy, turbulent Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: sēditiōsus, tumultuōsus
    Sense id: en-turbulentus-la-adj-9Z3qOk7u Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin terms suffixed with -ulentus, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 91 9 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -ulentus: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 80 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 100 0
  2. unruly, riotous Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-turbulentus-la-adj-V1nkJTiR

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "English: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "French: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "turbolento",
            "3": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: turbolento, turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: turbolento, turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "German: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: turbulento"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "turba",
        "3": "ulentus",
        "t1": "stir, tumult",
        "t2": "full of, abounding in"
      },
      "expansion": "turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentissimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulente",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turbulentus",
        "sup": "turbulentissimus"
      },
      "expansion": "turbulentus (feminine turbulenta, neuter turbulentum, superlative turbulentissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turbulentus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obsequēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "obsequiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "oboediēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "facilis"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ulentus",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stormy, turbulent"
      ],
      "id": "en-turbulentus-la-adj-9Z3qOk7u",
      "links": [
        [
          "stormy",
          "stormy"
        ],
        [
          "turbulent",
          "turbulent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sēditiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "tumultuōsus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "unruly, riotous"
      ],
      "id": "en-turbulentus-la-adj-V1nkJTiR",
      "links": [
        [
          "unruly",
          "unruly"
        ],
        [
          "riotous",
          "riotous"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tur.buˈlen.tus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t̪ʊrbʊˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tur.buˈlen.tus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t̪urbuˈlɛn̪t̪us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "turbulentus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 4-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -ulentus",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "English: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "French: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "turbolento",
            "3": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: turbolento, turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: turbolento, turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "German: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "turbulent"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: turbulent",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: turbulent"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: turbulento"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "turbulento"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: turbulento",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: turbulento"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "turba",
        "3": "ulentus",
        "t1": "stir, tumult",
        "t2": "full of, abounding in"
      },
      "expansion": "turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From turba (“stir, tumult”) + -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentissimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulente",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulentae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turbulenta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turbulentus",
        "sup": "turbulentissimus"
      },
      "expansion": "turbulentus (feminine turbulenta, neuter turbulentum, superlative turbulentissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turbulentus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obsequēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "obsequiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "oboediēns"
        },
        {
          "word": "facilis"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stormy, turbulent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stormy",
          "stormy"
        ],
        [
          "turbulent",
          "turbulent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sēditiōsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "tumultuōsus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "unruly, riotous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unruly",
          "unruly"
        ],
        [
          "riotous",
          "riotous"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tur.buˈlen.tus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t̪ʊrbʊˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tur.buˈlen.tus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t̪urbuˈlɛn̪t̪us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "turbulentus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for turbulentus meaning in Latin (6.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: turbulentus/Latin 'Number' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "turbulentus"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "turbulentus",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.