See tofus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "soft, hollow",
"word": "tobo"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "cave",
"word": "toba"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "soft",
"word": "tou"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "tobo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "burrow",
"word": "touvo"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "toat"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "hollow",
"word": "tout"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Tuff"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufo"
}
],
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "tufo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "Tua"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "toba"
},
{
"lang": "Andalusian Arabic",
"lang_code": "xaa",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭūb",
"sense": "cotton thistle",
"word": "طُوب"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "osc:-<ety:der<itc-pro:*tūβos<ety:der<ine-pro:*tewh₂->>>>",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tewh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *tūβosder.\nOscanbor.?\nLatin tofus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Oscan\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tewh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*tūβos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"osc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"tofus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"tofus\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Probably"
},
"expansion": "Probably",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "osc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Oscan",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tūβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tūβos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tewh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *tūβosder.\nOscanbor.?\nLatin tofus\nProbably borrowed from Oscan, and possibly derived from Proto-Italic *tūβos, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). See τύφη (plant for stuffing bolsters).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tōfus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfus",
"links": [
[
"tōfus",
"tofus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfōrum",
"links": [
[
"tōfōrum",
"toforum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfō",
"links": [
[
"tōfō",
"tofo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfīs",
"links": [
[
"tōfīs",
"tofis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfum",
"links": [
[
"tōfum",
"tofum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfōs",
"links": [
[
"tōfōs",
"tofos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfō",
"links": [
[
"tōfō",
"tofo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfīs",
"links": [
[
"tōfīs",
"tofis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfe",
"links": [
[
"tōfe",
"tofe#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tōfus<2>"
},
"expansion": "tōfus m (genitive tōfī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tōfus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "la:Rocks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tōfāceus"
},
{
"word": "tōfīnus"
},
{
"word": "tōfōsus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tuff (kind of rock)"
],
"id": "en-tofus-la-noun-LaZEmsfc",
"links": [
[
"tuff",
"tuff"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"word": "tofus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "tōfāceus"
},
{
"word": "tōfīnus"
},
{
"word": "tōfōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "soft, hollow",
"word": "tobo"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "cave",
"word": "toba"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "soft",
"word": "tou"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "tobo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "burrow",
"word": "touvo"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "toat"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "hollow",
"word": "tout"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Tuff"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tuf"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tufo"
}
],
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "tufo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "Tua"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "toba"
},
{
"lang": "Andalusian Arabic",
"lang_code": "xaa",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭūb",
"sense": "cotton thistle",
"word": "طُوب"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor<unc>",
"3": "osc:-<ety:der<itc-pro:*tūβos<ety:der<ine-pro:*tewh₂->>>>",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tewh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *tūβosder.\nOscanbor.?\nLatin tofus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Oscan\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tewh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*tūβos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"osc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"tofus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"tofus\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Probably"
},
"expansion": "Probably",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "osc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Oscan",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tūβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tūβos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tewh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *tūβosder.\nOscanbor.?\nLatin tofus\nProbably borrowed from Oscan, and possibly derived from Proto-Italic *tūβos, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). See τύφη (plant for stuffing bolsters).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tōfus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfus",
"links": [
[
"tōfus",
"tofus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfōrum",
"links": [
[
"tōfōrum",
"toforum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfō",
"links": [
[
"tōfō",
"tofo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfīs",
"links": [
[
"tōfīs",
"tofis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfum",
"links": [
[
"tōfum",
"tofum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfōs",
"links": [
[
"tōfōs",
"tofos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfō",
"links": [
[
"tōfō",
"tofo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfīs",
"links": [
[
"tōfīs",
"tofis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfe",
"links": [
[
"tōfe",
"tofe#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tōfī",
"links": [
[
"tōfī",
"tofi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tōfus<2>"
},
"expansion": "tōfus m (genitive tōfī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tōfus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Oscan",
"Latin terms derived from Oscan",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tewh₂-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Rocks"
],
"glosses": [
"tuff (kind of rock)"
],
"links": [
[
"tuff",
"tuff"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"word": "tofus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tofus meaning in Latin (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.