See talus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "subtel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tālāris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tālārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tālō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "from Romance",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"translation": "from Romance",
"word": "tālōnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tāxillus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "tallone"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "talon"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*tālōnis"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "talus"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "talus"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "talo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "talismo"
},
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tale"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "tálus"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*teh₂g-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂g-#Proto-Indo-European:_touch"
],
[
"*telh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/telh₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_bear"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*(s)teh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*-dʰlom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰlom"
],
[
"*teh₂g-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂g-#Proto-Indo-European:_touch"
],
[
"tangō",
"tango#Latin"
],
[
"թաթ",
"թաթ#Old_Armenian"
],
[
"*telh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/telh₂-"
],
[
"तल",
"तल#Sanskrit"
],
[
"tollō",
"tollo#Latin"
],
[
"lātus",
"latus#Latin"
],
[
"*steh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*-tleh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tlom"
],
[
"*-dʰleh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰlom"
],
[
"sawdl",
"sawdl#Welsh"
],
[
"tabula",
"tabula#Latin"
],
[
"tāxillus",
"taxillus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh<unc:1>",
"3": "itc-pro:<alt:*tākslos><ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*téh₂g-s-los><unc><ety:der<*teh₂g-<id:touch>>>>>",
"4": "itc-pro:<alt:*tālos><ety:af<ine-pro:*telh₂-<id:bear>><ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>>>",
"5": "itc-pro:<alt:*tāðlo-><ety:af<ine-pro:*steh₂-<alt:*(s)teh₂->><ine-pro:*-dʰlom>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*teh₂g-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*tālos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bear\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*telh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*tāðlo-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)teh₂-\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-dʰlom\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"talus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"talus\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*tākslos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tākslos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*téh₂g-s-los"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tangō"
},
"expansion": "Latin tangō",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թաթ",
"3": "",
"4": "foot sole, palm"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թաթ (tʻatʻ, “foot sole, palm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tālos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tālos",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*telh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to support"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to support”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तल",
"t": "plane, surface"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तल (tala, “plane, surface”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tollō",
"3": "",
"4": "to raise, lift, remove"
},
"expansion": "Latin tollō (“to raise, lift, remove”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tāðlo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tāðlo-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*steh₂-",
"3": "*-tlom",
"alt2": "*-tleh₂",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to stand"
},
"expansion": "*steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "sawdl",
"t": "heel"
},
"expansion": "Welsh sawdl (“heel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh<unc:1>",
"3": "itc-pro:<alt:*tākslos><ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*téh₂g-s-los><unc><ety:der<*teh₂g-<id:touch>>>>>",
"4": "itc-pro:<alt:*tālos><ety:af<ine-pro:*telh₂-<id:bear>><ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>>>",
"5": "itc-pro:<alt:*tāðlo-><ety:af<ine-pro:*steh₂-<alt:*(s)teh₂->><ine-pro:*-dʰlom>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus\nSynchronically a root tāx-, of uncertain origin. Several theories have been proposed:\n* Most likely from Proto-Italic *tākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los, from *teh₂g- (“to touch”) (whence Latin tangō). Compare Old Armenian թաթ (tʻatʻ, “foot sole, palm”).\n* From Proto-Italic *tālos, from Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to support”); compare Sanskrit तल (tala, “plane, surface”), Latin tollō (“to raise, lift, remove”) and lātus (“carried, borne, endured”).\n* From Proto-Italic *tāðlo-, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂/*-dʰleh₂ (instrument noun suffix), and directly cognate with Welsh sawdl (“heel”). This is phonetically difficult, as it requires an s-less variant of *steh₂- (however, see tabula).\nThe latter two ideas fail to explain the diminutive tāxillus and other related words, requiring the awkward insertion of an unknown and arbitrary suffix *-k-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tālus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tālus",
"links": [
[
"tālus",
"talus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālōrum",
"links": [
[
"tālōrum",
"talorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālō",
"links": [
[
"tālō",
"talo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālīs",
"links": [
[
"tālīs",
"talis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālum",
"links": [
[
"tālum",
"talum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālōs",
"links": [
[
"tālōs",
"talos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālō",
"links": [
[
"tālō",
"talo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālīs",
"links": [
[
"tālīs",
"talis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tāle",
"links": [
[
"tāle",
"tale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tālus<2>"
},
"expansion": "tālus m (genitive tālī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tālus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 42 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the ankle or anklebone (of animals), talus; knucklebone"
],
"id": "en-talus-la-noun-80mefqw1",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"ankle",
"ankle"
],
[
"anklebone",
"anklebone"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
],
[
"talus",
"talus#English"
],
[
"knucklebone",
"knucklebone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the ankle or anklebone (of animals), talus; knucklebone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Dice games",
"orig": "la:Dice games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 54 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 55 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 56 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 42 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an oblong die rounded at its ends and only marked on its other four sides"
],
"id": "en-talus-la-noun-aHvpdXHU",
"links": [
[
"dice game",
"dice game"
],
[
"oblong",
"oblong"
],
[
"die",
"die"
],
[
"rounded",
"rounded"
],
[
"ends",
"ends"
],
[
"marked",
"marked"
],
[
"four",
"four"
],
[
"sides",
"sides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dice games) an oblong die rounded at its ends and only marked on its other four sides"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"dice",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 42 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the heel"
],
"id": "en-talus-la-noun-fil6HSAX",
"links": [
[
"heel",
"heel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) the heel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"sense": "heel",
"word": "calx"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"sense": "heel",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "tālō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtaː.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtaː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "talus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- (touch)",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *telh₂- (bear)",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "subtel"
},
{
"word": "tālāris"
},
{
"word": "tālārius"
},
{
"word": "tālō"
},
{
"english": "from Romance",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"translation": "from Romance",
"word": "tālōnus"
},
{
"word": "tāxillus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "tallone"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "talon"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*tālōnis"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "talus"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "talus"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "talo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "talismo"
},
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tale"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "tálus"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*teh₂g-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂g-#Proto-Indo-European:_touch"
],
[
"*telh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/telh₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_bear"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*(s)teh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*-dʰlom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰlom"
],
[
"*teh₂g-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂g-#Proto-Indo-European:_touch"
],
[
"tangō",
"tango#Latin"
],
[
"թաթ",
"թաթ#Old_Armenian"
],
[
"*telh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/telh₂-"
],
[
"तल",
"तल#Sanskrit"
],
[
"tollō",
"tollo#Latin"
],
[
"lātus",
"latus#Latin"
],
[
"*steh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*-tleh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tlom"
],
[
"*-dʰleh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰlom"
],
[
"sawdl",
"sawdl#Welsh"
],
[
"tabula",
"tabula#Latin"
],
[
"tāxillus",
"taxillus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh<unc:1>",
"3": "itc-pro:<alt:*tākslos><ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*téh₂g-s-los><unc><ety:der<*teh₂g-<id:touch>>>>>",
"4": "itc-pro:<alt:*tālos><ety:af<ine-pro:*telh₂-<id:bear>><ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>>>",
"5": "itc-pro:<alt:*tāðlo-><ety:af<ine-pro:*steh₂-<alt:*(s)teh₂->><ine-pro:*-dʰlom>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*teh₂g-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*tālos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bear\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*telh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*tāðlo-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)teh₂-\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-dʰlom\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"talus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"talus\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*tākslos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tākslos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*téh₂g-s-los"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tangō"
},
"expansion": "Latin tangō",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թաթ",
"3": "",
"4": "foot sole, palm"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թաթ (tʻatʻ, “foot sole, palm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tālos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tālos",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*telh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to support"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to support”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तल",
"t": "plane, surface"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तल (tala, “plane, surface”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tollō",
"3": "",
"4": "to raise, lift, remove"
},
"expansion": "Latin tollō (“to raise, lift, remove”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tāðlo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tāðlo-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*steh₂-",
"3": "*-tlom",
"alt2": "*-tleh₂",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to stand"
},
"expansion": "*steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "sawdl",
"t": "heel"
},
"expansion": "Welsh sawdl (“heel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh<unc:1>",
"3": "itc-pro:<alt:*tākslos><ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*téh₂g-s-los><unc><ety:der<*teh₂g-<id:touch>>>>>",
"4": "itc-pro:<alt:*tālos><ety:af<ine-pro:*telh₂-<id:bear>><ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>>>",
"5": "itc-pro:<alt:*tāðlo-><ety:af<ine-pro:*steh₂-<alt:*(s)teh₂->><ine-pro:*-dʰlom>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *teh₂g-der.\nProto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los?\nProto-Italic *tākslos?\nProto-Indo-European *telh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *tālos?\nProto-Indo-European *(s)teh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰlom\nProto-Italic *tāðlo-?\nLatin talus\nSynchronically a root tāx-, of uncertain origin. Several theories have been proposed:\n* Most likely from Proto-Italic *tākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los, from *teh₂g- (“to touch”) (whence Latin tangō). Compare Old Armenian թաթ (tʻatʻ, “foot sole, palm”).\n* From Proto-Italic *tālos, from Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to support”); compare Sanskrit तल (tala, “plane, surface”), Latin tollō (“to raise, lift, remove”) and lātus (“carried, borne, endured”).\n* From Proto-Italic *tāðlo-, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂/*-dʰleh₂ (instrument noun suffix), and directly cognate with Welsh sawdl (“heel”). This is phonetically difficult, as it requires an s-less variant of *steh₂- (however, see tabula).\nThe latter two ideas fail to explain the diminutive tāxillus and other related words, requiring the awkward insertion of an unknown and arbitrary suffix *-k-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tālus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tālus",
"links": [
[
"tālus",
"talus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālōrum",
"links": [
[
"tālōrum",
"talorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālō",
"links": [
[
"tālō",
"talo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālīs",
"links": [
[
"tālīs",
"talis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālum",
"links": [
[
"tālum",
"talum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālōs",
"links": [
[
"tālōs",
"talos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tālō",
"links": [
[
"tālō",
"talo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tālīs",
"links": [
[
"tālīs",
"talis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tāle",
"links": [
[
"tāle",
"tale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tālī",
"links": [
[
"tālī",
"tali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tālus<2>"
},
"expansion": "tālus m (genitive tālī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tālus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"the ankle or anklebone (of animals), talus; knucklebone"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"ankle",
"ankle"
],
[
"anklebone",
"anklebone"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
],
[
"talus",
"talus#English"
],
[
"knucklebone",
"knucklebone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the ankle or anklebone (of animals), talus; knucklebone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Dice games"
],
"glosses": [
"an oblong die rounded at its ends and only marked on its other four sides"
],
"links": [
[
"dice game",
"dice game"
],
[
"oblong",
"oblong"
],
[
"die",
"die"
],
[
"rounded",
"rounded"
],
[
"ends",
"ends"
],
[
"marked",
"marked"
],
[
"four",
"four"
],
[
"sides",
"sides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dice games) an oblong die rounded at its ends and only marked on its other four sides"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"dice",
"games"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the heel"
],
"links": [
[
"heel",
"heel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) the heel"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtaː.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtaː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "heel",
"word": "calx"
},
{
"sense": "heel",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "tālō"
}
],
"word": "talus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for talus meaning in Latin (12.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.