"serius" meaning in Latin

See serius in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ˈseː.ri.ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈsɛː.ri.us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious". Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro||*swerjos}} Proto-Italic *swerjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*swer-yo-s}} Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, {{cog|ang|swǣr||heavy, grave, grievous}} Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), {{cog|de|schwer||hard, difficult, heavy}} German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), {{cog|lt|sverti||to weigh, balance}} Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), {{inh|la|itc-pro||*sērjos}} Proto-Italic *sērjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*seh₁-ro-s}} Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s, {{suf|la|sērus|-ius|t1=slow, tardy}} sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius Head templates: {{la-adj|sērius}} sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|sērius}} Forms: sērius [canonical], sēria [feminine], sērium [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], sērius [masculine, nominative, singular], sēria [feminine, nominative, singular], sērium [neuter, nominative, singular], sēriī [masculine, nominative, plural], sēriae [feminine, nominative, plural], sēria [neuter, nominative, plural], sēriī [genitive, masculine, singular], sēriae [feminine, genitive, singular], sēriī [genitive, neuter, singular], sēriōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], sēriārum [feminine, genitive, plural], sēriōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], sēriō [dative, masculine, singular], sēriae [dative, feminine, singular], sēriō [dative, neuter, singular], sēriīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], sērium [accusative, masculine, singular], sēriam [accusative, feminine, singular], sērium [accusative, neuter, singular], sēriōs [accusative, masculine, plural], sēriās [accusative, feminine, plural], sēria [accusative, neuter, plural], sēriō [ablative, masculine, singular], sēriā [ablative, feminine, singular], sēriō [ablative, neuter, singular], sēriīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], sērie [masculine, singular, vocative], sēria [feminine, singular, vocative], sērium [neuter, singular, vocative], sēriī [masculine, plural, vocative], sēriae [feminine, plural, vocative], sēria [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. grave, earnest, serious Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Derived forms: sēriōsus
    Sense id: en-serius-la-adj-~HfqyLYr Categories (other): Personality Disambiguation of Personality: 100 0 0

Adverb

IPA: [ˈseː.ri.ʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈsɛː.ri.us] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: sērius [canonical]
Etymology: Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious". Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro||*swerjos}} Proto-Italic *swerjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*swer-yo-s}} Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, {{cog|ang|swǣr||heavy, grave, grievous}} Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), {{cog|de|schwer||hard, difficult, heavy}} German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), {{cog|lt|sverti||to weigh, balance}} Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), {{inh|la|itc-pro||*sērjos}} Proto-Italic *sērjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*seh₁-ro-s}} Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s, {{suf|la|sērus|-ius|t1=slow, tardy}} sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius Head templates: {{la-adv-comp|sērius}} sērius (comparative)
  1. comparative degree of sērō Tags: comparative, form-of Form of: sērō
    Sense id: en-serius-la-adv-YXK8Zd1s Categories (other): Latin links with manual fragments, Latin links with redundant target parameters, Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 1 48 51
  2. rather late, later, too late Tags: comparative
    Sense id: en-serius-la-adv-FUo8NoSK Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 1 48 51
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "lang_code": "ast",
      "word": "seriu"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "serio"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "serio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "sério"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sério"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sèriu"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "serio"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "la:Personality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "sēriōsus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grave, earnest, serious"
      ],
      "id": "en-serius-la-adj-~HfqyLYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "earnest",
          "earnest"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛː.ri.us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (comparative)",
      "name": "la-adv-comp"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 48 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sērō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "comparative degree of sērō"
      ],
      "id": "en-serius-la-adv-YXK8Zd1s",
      "links": [
        [
          "sērō",
          "sero#Etymology_4"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 48 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If I should order you, Catiline, to be seized now, to be killed, I believe, I would have to fear that all good men might say this was done by me too late rather than anyone would say it was done too cruelly.",
          "ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.5",
          "text": "Sī tē iam, Catilīna, comprehendī, sī interficī iusserō, crēdō, erit verendum mihi, nē nōn hoc potius omnēs bonī sērius ā mē quam quisquam crūdēlius factum esse dīcat.",
          "translation": "If I should order you, Catiline, to be seized now, to be killed, I believe, I would have to fear that all good men might say this was done by me too late rather than anyone would say it was done too cruelly.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rather late, later, too late"
      ],
      "id": "en-serius-la-adv-FUo8NoSK",
      "links": [
        [
          "rather",
          "rather"
        ],
        [
          "late",
          "late"
        ],
        [
          "later",
          "later"
        ],
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛː.ri.us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin comparative adverbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Personality",
    "ms:Personality"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "sēriōsus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "lang_code": "ast",
      "word": "seriu"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "serio"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "serio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "sério"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sério"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sèriu"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "serio"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grave, earnest, serious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "earnest",
          "earnest"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛː.ri.us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin comparative adverbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Personality",
    "ms:Personality"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (comparative)",
      "name": "la-adv-comp"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin comparative adverbs",
        "Latin links with manual fragments",
        "Latin links with redundant target parameters"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sērō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "comparative degree of sērō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sērō",
          "sero#Etymology_4"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If I should order you, Catiline, to be seized now, to be killed, I believe, I would have to fear that all good men might say this was done by me too late rather than anyone would say it was done too cruelly.",
          "ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.5",
          "text": "Sī tē iam, Catilīna, comprehendī, sī interficī iusserō, crēdō, erit verendum mihi, nē nōn hoc potius omnēs bonī sērius ā mē quam quisquam crūdēlius factum esse dīcat.",
          "translation": "If I should order you, Catiline, to be seized now, to be killed, I believe, I would have to fear that all good men might say this was done by me too late rather than anyone would say it was done too cruelly.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rather late, later, too late"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rather",
          "rather"
        ],
        [
          "late",
          "late"
        ],
        [
          "later",
          "later"
        ],
        [
          "too",
          "too"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛː.ri.us]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

Download raw JSONL data for serius meaning in Latin (10.3kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.