"serius" meaning in Latin

See serius in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈseː.ri.us/ [Classical], [ˈs̠eːriʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈse.ri.us/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈsɛːrius] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious". Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*swerjos}} Proto-Italic *swerjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*swer-yo-s}} Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, {{m|ine-pro|*swer-||heavy}} *swer- (“heavy”), {{cog|ang|swǣr||heavy, grave, grievous}} Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), {{cog|de|schwer||hard, difficult, heavy}} German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), {{cog|lt|sverti||to weigh, balance}} Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), {{m|lt|svarùs||heavy}} svarùs (“heavy”), {{l|en|sweer}} sweer, {{inh|la|itc-pro||*sērjos}} Proto-Italic *sērjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*seh₁-ro-s}} Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s, {{m|ine-pro|*-yos|*-yo-}} *-yo-, {{m|ine-pro|*seh₁-||to go slowly?}} *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”), {{m|la|sēgnis||slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy}} sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”), {{suf|la|sērus|-ius|t1=slow, tardy}} sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius Head templates: {{la-adj|sērius}} sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|sērius}} Forms: sērius [canonical], sēria [feminine], sērium [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], sērius [masculine, nominative, singular], sēria [feminine, nominative, singular], sērium [neuter, nominative, singular], sēriī [masculine, nominative, plural], sēriae [feminine, nominative, plural], sēria [neuter, nominative, plural], sēriī [genitive, masculine, singular], sēriae [feminine, genitive, singular], sēriī [genitive, neuter, singular], sēriōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], sēriārum [feminine, genitive, plural], sēriōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], sēriō [dative, masculine, singular], sēriae [dative, feminine, singular], sēriō [dative, neuter, singular], sēriīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], sērium [accusative, masculine, singular], sēriam [accusative, feminine, singular], sērium [accusative, neuter, singular], sēriōs [accusative, masculine, plural], sēriās [accusative, feminine, plural], sēria [accusative, neuter, plural], sēriō [ablative, masculine, singular], sēriā [ablative, feminine, singular], sēriō [ablative, neuter, singular], sēriīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], sērie [masculine, singular, vocative], sēria [feminine, singular, vocative], sērium [neuter, singular, vocative], sēriī [masculine, plural, vocative], sēriae [feminine, plural, vocative], sēria [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. grave, earnest, serious Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Categories (topical): Personality Derived forms: sēriōsus
    Sense id: en-serius-la-adj-~HfqyLYr Disambiguation of Personality: 80 20

Adverb

IPA: /ˈseː.ri.us/ [Classical], [ˈs̠eːriʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈse.ri.us/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈsɛːrius] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: sērius [canonical]
Etymology: Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious". Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*swerjos}} Proto-Italic *swerjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*swer-yo-s}} Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, {{m|ine-pro|*swer-||heavy}} *swer- (“heavy”), {{cog|ang|swǣr||heavy, grave, grievous}} Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), {{cog|de|schwer||hard, difficult, heavy}} German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), {{cog|lt|sverti||to weigh, balance}} Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), {{m|lt|svarùs||heavy}} svarùs (“heavy”), {{l|en|sweer}} sweer, {{inh|la|itc-pro||*sērjos}} Proto-Italic *sērjos, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*seh₁-ro-s}} Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s, {{m|ine-pro|*-yos|*-yo-}} *-yo-, {{m|ine-pro|*seh₁-||to go slowly?}} *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”), {{m|la|sēgnis||slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy}} sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”), {{suf|la|sērus|-ius|t1=slow, tardy}} sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius Head templates: {{head|la|adverb forms|cat2=comparative adverbs|head=sērius}} sērius
  1. comparative degree of sērō Tags: comparative, form-of Form of: sērō
    Sense id: en-serius-la-adv-YXK8Zd1s Categories (other): Latin links with manual fragments, Latin links with redundant target parameters, Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 17 83

Download JSON data for serius meaning in Latin (10.3kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
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      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "*swer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
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      "args": {
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        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
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      "name": "cog"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
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        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
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      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "svarùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
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      "expansion": "svarùs (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
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      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
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      "name": "inh"
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        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
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      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yos",
        "3": "*-yo-"
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      "expansion": "*-yo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seh₁-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go slowly?"
      },
      "expansion": "*seh₁- (“to go slowly?”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sēgnis",
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        "4": "slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy"
      },
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      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
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        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
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        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "la:Personality",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "sēriōsus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grave, earnest, serious"
      ],
      "id": "en-serius-la-adj-~HfqyLYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "earnest",
          "earnest"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈseː.ri.us/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈs̠eːriʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈse.ri.us/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛːrius]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
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      "name": "m"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "svarùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "svarùs (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sweer"
      },
      "expansion": "sweer",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yos",
        "3": "*-yo-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seh₁-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go slowly?"
      },
      "expansion": "*seh₁- (“to go slowly?”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sēgnis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy"
      },
      "expansion": "sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adverb forms",
        "cat2": "comparative adverbs",
        "head": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sērō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "comparative degree of sērō"
      ],
      "id": "en-serius-la-adv-YXK8Zd1s",
      "links": [
        [
          "sērō",
          "sero#Etymology_4"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈseː.ri.us/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈs̠eːriʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈse.ri.us/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛːrius]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin adverb forms",
    "Latin comparative adverbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "la:Personality"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "sēriōsus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*swer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "*swer- (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "svarùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "svarùs (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sweer"
      },
      "expansion": "sweer",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yos",
        "3": "*-yo-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seh₁-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go slowly?"
      },
      "expansion": "*seh₁- (“to go slowly?”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sēgnis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy"
      },
      "expansion": "sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sērium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēriae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sēria",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sērius"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grave, earnest, serious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "earnest",
          "earnest"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈseː.ri.us/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈs̠eːriʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈse.ri.us/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛːrius]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin adverb forms",
    "Latin comparative adverbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "la:Personality"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*swerjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swerjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swer-yo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*swer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "*swer- (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swǣr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy, grave, grievous"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schwer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult, heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sverti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "svarùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "svarùs (“heavy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sweer"
      },
      "expansion": "sweer",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sērjos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *sērjos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*seh₁-ro-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yos",
        "3": "*-yo-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seh₁-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to go slowly?"
      },
      "expansion": "*seh₁- (“to go slowly?”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sēgnis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy"
      },
      "expansion": "sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sērus",
        "3": "-ius",
        "t1": "slow, tardy"
      },
      "expansion": "sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:\n* Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.\n* According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift \"slow\" > \"tiring\" > \"heavy\" > \"grave, serious\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sērius",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "adverb forms",
        "cat2": "comparative adverbs",
        "head": "sērius"
      },
      "expansion": "sērius",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin comparative adverbs",
        "Latin links with manual fragments",
        "Latin links with redundant target parameters"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "sērō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "comparative degree of sērō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sērō",
          "sero#Etymology_4"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈseː.ri.us/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈs̠eːriʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈse.ri.us/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɛːrius]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "serius"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.