"scamnum" meaning in Latin

See scamnum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: For *scabnum, from Proto-Italic *skaβnom, from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m, from *skabʰ- (“to hold up, support”). Cognate with Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*skaβnom}} Proto-Italic *skaβnom, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*skabʰ-no-m}} Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m, {{cog|sa|स्कम्भ|t=prop, support, pillar|tr=skambhá}} Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”) Head templates: {{la-noun|scamnum<2>}} scamnum n (genitive scamnī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|scamnum<2>}} Forms: scamnī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], scamnum [nominative, singular], scamna [nominative, plural], scamnī [genitive, singular], scamnōrum [genitive, plural], scamnō [dative, singular], scamnīs [dative, plural], scamnum [accusative, singular], scamna [accusative, plural], scamnō [ablative, singular], scamnīs [ablative, plural], scamnum [singular, vocative], scamna [plural, vocative]
  1. stool, step, bench Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-scamnum-la-noun-gYxLXS8m
  2. ridge (of earth formed by ploughing) Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-scamnum-la-noun-IkmeQaDY Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 3 69 28 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 22 52 26 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 79 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 86 10
  3. breadth of a field Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-scamnum-la-noun-mEkY4VAE
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: scabellum, sublātiō super scamnum

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "scabellum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sublātiō super scamnum"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "scamnu"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: scamnu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: scamnu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruo",
            "2": "scånd"
          },
          "expansion": "Istro-Romanian: scånd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istro-Romanian: scånd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruq",
            "2": "scand"
          },
          "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: scand",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Megleno-Romanian: scand"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "scaun"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: scaun",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: scaun"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "scanno"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: scanno",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: scanno"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "scannu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: scannu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: scannu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northern Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "scagn"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: scagn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: scagn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "scagna",
            "3": "scagnœl"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: scagna, scagnœl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: scagna, scagnœl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "scagno",
            "3": "scagn"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: scagno, scagn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: scagno, scagn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "eschame",
            "3": "escaigne"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: eschame, escaigne",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: eschame, escaigne"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pro",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Occitan:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Occitan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "escon",
            "3": "escó"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: escon, escó",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: escon, escó"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "escanh"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: escanh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: escanh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "escano"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: escano\nGalician: escano\nPortuguese: escano",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: escano\nGalician: escano\nPortuguese: escano"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osp",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Spanish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Spanish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "escaño"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: escaño\n→ Portuguese: escanho",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: escaño\n→ Portuguese: escanho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "shkëmb",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: shkëmb",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: shkëmb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc-koi",
            "2": "σκάμνον",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Koine Greek: σκάμνον (skámnon)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Koine Greek: σκάμνον (skámnon)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gkm",
            "2": "σκαμνίον",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "dim."
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: σκαμνίον (skamníon, dim.)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: σκαμνίον (skamníon, dim.) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "skaoñ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Breton: skaoñ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Breton: skaoñ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*skaβnom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *skaβnom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*skabʰ-no-m"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्कम्भ",
        "t": "prop, support, pillar",
        "tr": "skambhá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "For *scabnum, from Proto-Italic *skaβnom, from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m, from *skabʰ- (“to hold up, support”). Cognate with Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "scamnī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scamnum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "scamnum n (genitive scamnī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scamnum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stool, step, bench"
      ],
      "id": "en-scamnum-la-noun-gYxLXS8m",
      "links": [
        [
          "stool",
          "stool"
        ],
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "bench",
          "bench"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 69 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 52 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 79 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 86 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ridge (of earth formed by ploughing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-scamnum-la-noun-IkmeQaDY",
      "links": [
        [
          "ridge",
          "ridge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "breadth of a field"
      ],
      "id": "en-scamnum-la-noun-mEkY4VAE",
      "links": [
        [
          "breadth",
          "breadth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "scamnum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "scabellum"
    },
    {
      "word": "sublātiō super scamnum"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "scamnu"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: scamnu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: scamnu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruo",
            "2": "scånd"
          },
          "expansion": "Istro-Romanian: scånd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istro-Romanian: scånd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ruq",
            "2": "scand"
          },
          "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: scand",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Megleno-Romanian: scand"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "scaun"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: scaun",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: scaun"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "scanno"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: scanno",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: scanno"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "scannu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: scannu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: scannu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northern Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "scagn"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: scagn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: scagn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "scagna",
            "3": "scagnœl"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: scagna, scagnœl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: scagna, scagnœl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "scagno",
            "3": "scagn"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: scagno, scagn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: scagno, scagn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "eschame",
            "3": "escaigne"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: eschame, escaigne",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: eschame, escaigne"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pro",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Occitan:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Occitan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "escon",
            "3": "escó"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: escon, escó",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: escon, escó"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "escanh"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: escanh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: escanh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "escano"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: escano\nGalician: escano\nPortuguese: escano",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: escano\nGalician: escano\nPortuguese: escano"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osp",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Spanish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Spanish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "escaño"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: escaño\n→ Portuguese: escanho",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: escaño\n→ Portuguese: escanho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "shkëmb",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: shkëmb",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: shkëmb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc-koi",
            "2": "σκάμνον",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Koine Greek: σκάμνον (skámnon)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Koine Greek: σκάμνον (skámnon)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gkm",
            "2": "σκαμνίον",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "dim."
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: σκαμνίον (skamníon, dim.)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: σκαμνίον (skamníon, dim.) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "skaoñ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Breton: skaoñ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Breton: skaoñ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*skaβnom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *skaβnom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*skabʰ-no-m"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्कम्भ",
        "t": "prop, support, pillar",
        "tr": "skambhá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "For *scabnum, from Proto-Italic *skaβnom, from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ-no-m, from *skabʰ- (“to hold up, support”). Cognate with Sanskrit स्कम्भ (skambhá, “prop, support, pillar”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "scamnī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scamna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scamnum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "scamnum n (genitive scamnī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scamnum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stool, step, bench"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stool",
          "stool"
        ],
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "bench",
          "bench"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ridge (of earth formed by ploughing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ridge",
          "ridge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "breadth of a field"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breadth",
          "breadth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "scamnum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for scamnum meaning in Latin (6.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.