"pulex" meaning in Latin

See pulex in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈpuː.ɫɛks] [Classical-Latin], [ˈpuː.leks] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”), with metathesis plus → pusl → pūl, with a suffix -ex, -icis also found in cīmex (“bug”) and culex (“gnat”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla), Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi), Old Armenian լու (lu), Lithuanian blusa, and Old English flēah, flēa (English flea). Etymology templates: {{ety|la|:inh|ine-pro:*plews-<id:flea>|:influence|cīmex|culex}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "influ.", "keyword_label" : "Influenced by", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "cīmex", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "la" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "culex", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "pulex", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="pulex">, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*plews-|t=flea}} Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”), {{cog|grc|ψύλλα}} Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla), {{cog|sa|प्लुषि|sc=Deva|tr=plúṣi}} Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi), {{cog|xcl|լու|}} Old Armenian լու (lu), {{cog|lt|blusa}} Lithuanian blusa, {{cog|ang|flēah}} Old English flēah, {{cog|en|flea}} English flea Head templates: {{la-noun|pūlex<3>|g=m}} pūlex m (genitive pūlicis); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|pūlex<3>}} Forms: pūlex [canonical, masculine], pūlicis [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], pūlex [nominative, singular], pūlicēs [nominative, plural], pūlicis [genitive, singular], pūlicum [genitive, plural], pūlicī [dative, singular], pūlicibus [dative, plural], pūlicem [accusative, singular], pūlicēs [accusative, plural], pūlice [ablative, singular], pūlicibus [ablative, plural], pūlex [singular, vocative], pūlicēs [plural, vocative]
  1. flea Tags: declension-3 Derived forms: *pūlica [Latin, vulgar], *pūlicō [Latin, vulgar]
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "puighi"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "puliche"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulige"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulighe"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulixi"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Insular Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "lang_code": "rup",
          "word": "puric"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "word": "purice"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Balkano-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dalmatian",
          "lang_code": "dlm",
          "word": "pulco"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purge"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "purgia"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puice"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "pulice"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purge"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "purgia"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puice"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "pulce"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Neapolitan",
          "lang_code": "nap",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "pócia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Neapolitan",
          "lang_code": "nap",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "polàcia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "pùlici"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "puci"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "purci"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulç"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulxo"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "polxe"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulexe"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "pulç"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "pulč"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "lang_code": "lld",
          "word": "pulis"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "lang_code": "lld",
          "word": "pulin"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pilesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pelisch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pelesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pülesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pülsch"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ligurian",
          "lang_code": "lij",
          "word": "prûxa"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ligurian",
          "lang_code": "lij",
          "word": "purxa"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed",
                "Valdôtain"
              ],
              "word": "pulas"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùles"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùres"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "pùles"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed",
                "Valdôtain"
              ],
              "word": "pulas"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùles"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùres"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "pùres"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "purs"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "puls"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "prus"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romagnol",
          "lang_code": "rgn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "pólxa"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Italic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dauphinois",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "piusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "piòsa"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Lyonnais",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pôise"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "puougi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "piugi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "puja"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "puija"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "word": "puge"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "puche"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Northern",
          "lang_code": "unknown"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "puça"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "pulça"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "word": "pulç"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "puça"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "pulça"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "pulça"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "puç"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "piutz"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "puse"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Languedocien",
                  "lang_code": "oc-lan",
                  "word": "piuse"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limousin",
                  "lang_code": "oc-lim",
                  "word": "piòse"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Occitan",
              "lang_code": "oc"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Southern",
          "lang_code": "sdh"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "⇒ Ribagorçan",
              "lang_code": "an",
              "word": "pulça"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "pulz"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "⇒ Ribagorçan",
              "lang_code": "an",
              "word": "pulça"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "pulce"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Ibero-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "pulo"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Translingual",
          "lang_code": "mul",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Pulex"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Borrowings",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:*plews-<id:flea>",
        "4": ":influence",
        "5": "cīmex",
        "6": "culex"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cīmex\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"culex\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pulex\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pulex\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plews-",
        "t": "flea"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ψύλλα"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "प्लुषि",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "tr": "plúṣi"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "լու",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian լու (lu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "blusa"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian blusa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "flēah"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English flēah",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "flea"
      },
      "expansion": "English flea",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”), with metathesis plus → pusl → pūl, with a suffix -ex, -icis also found in cīmex (“bug”) and culex (“gnat”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla), Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi), Old Armenian լու (lu), Lithuanian blusa, and Old English flēah, flēa (English flea).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicis",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicis",
          "pulicis"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlex",
          "pulex#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicis",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicis",
          "pulicis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicum",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicum",
          "pulicum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicī",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicī",
          "pulici#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicibus",
          "pulicibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicem",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicem",
          "pulicem#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlice",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlice",
          "pulice#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicibus",
          "pulicibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlex",
          "pulex#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūlex<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pūlex m (genitive pūlicis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūlex<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Insects",
          "orig": "la:Insects",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "vulgar"
          ],
          "word": "*pūlica"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "vulgar"
          ],
          "word": "*pūlicō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flea"
      ],
      "id": "en-pulex-la-noun-4bYHLAKf",
      "links": [
        [
          "flea",
          "flea"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuː.ɫɛks]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuː.leks]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulex"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "*pūlica"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "*pūlicō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "puighi"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "puliche"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulige"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulighe"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "pulixi"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Insular Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "lang_code": "rup",
          "word": "puric"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "word": "purice"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Balkano-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dalmatian",
          "lang_code": "dlm",
          "word": "pulco"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purge"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "purgia"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puice"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "pulice"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purge"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "purce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Central Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "purgia"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Tuscan",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "word": "puice"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "pulce"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Neapolitan",
          "lang_code": "nap",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "pócia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Neapolitan",
          "lang_code": "nap",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "polàcia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "pùlici"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "puci"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "purci"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulç"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulxo"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "polxe"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "pulexe"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "pulç"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "pulč"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "lang_code": "lld",
          "word": "pulis"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ladin",
          "lang_code": "lld",
          "word": "pulin"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pilesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pelisch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pelesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pülesch"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "pülsch"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Rhaeto-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ligurian",
          "lang_code": "lij",
          "word": "prûxa"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ligurian",
          "lang_code": "lij",
          "word": "purxa"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed",
                "Valdôtain"
              ],
              "word": "pulas"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùles"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùres"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "pùles"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed",
                "Valdôtain"
              ],
              "word": "pulas"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùles"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Piedmontese",
              "lang_code": "pms",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pùres"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "pùres"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "purs"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "puls"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "word": "prus"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romagnol",
          "lang_code": "rgn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "pólxa"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Italic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dauphinois",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "piusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Forézien",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "piòsa"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Lyonnais",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pusi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "pôise"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "puougi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "word": "piugi"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "puja"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Valdôtain",
                  "lang_code": "frp",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "puija"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
              "lang_code": "frp",
              "word": "puge"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "pulce"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "puce"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "word": "puce"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norman",
                  "lang_code": "nrf",
                  "word": "puche"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old French",
              "lang_code": "fro",
              "word": "puche"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Northern",
          "lang_code": "unknown"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "puça"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "pulça"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "word": "pulç"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "puça"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "pulça"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "pulça"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "puç"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "piutz"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Gascon",
                  "lang_code": "oc-gas",
                  "word": "puse"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Languedocien",
                  "lang_code": "oc-lan",
                  "word": "piuse"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limousin",
                  "lang_code": "oc-lim",
                  "word": "piòse"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Occitan",
              "lang_code": "oc"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Southern",
          "lang_code": "sdh"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "⇒ Ribagorçan",
              "lang_code": "an",
              "word": "pulça"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "pulz"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "⇒ Ribagorçan",
              "lang_code": "an",
              "word": "pulça"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "pulce"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Ibero-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "pulo"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Translingual",
          "lang_code": "mul",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Pulex"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Borrowings",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:*plews-<id:flea>",
        "4": ":influence",
        "5": "cīmex",
        "6": "culex"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cīmex\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"culex\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pulex\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pulex\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plews-",
        "t": "flea"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ψύλλα"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "प्लुषि",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "tr": "plúṣi"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "լու",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian լու (lu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "blusa"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian blusa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "flēah"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English flēah",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "flea"
      },
      "expansion": "English flea",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“flea”), with metathesis plus → pusl → pūl, with a suffix -ex, -icis also found in cīmex (“bug”) and culex (“gnat”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla), Sanskrit प्लुषि (plúṣi), Old Armenian լու (lu), Lithuanian blusa, and Old English flēah, flēa (English flea).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicis",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicis",
          "pulicis"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlex",
          "pulex#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicis",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicis",
          "pulicis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicum",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicum",
          "pulicum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicī",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicī",
          "pulici#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicibus",
          "pulicibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicem",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicem",
          "pulicem#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlice",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlice",
          "pulice#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicibus",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicibus",
          "pulicibus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlex",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlex",
          "pulex#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūlicēs",
      "links": [
        [
          "pūlicēs",
          "pulices#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūlex<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pūlex m (genitive pūlicis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūlex<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin 2-syllable words",
        "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
        "Latin entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
        "Latin entries with etymon",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin masculine nouns",
        "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
        "Latin nouns",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plews-",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin third declension nouns",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "la:Insects"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flea"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "flea",
          "flea"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuː.ɫɛks]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuː.leks]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulex"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pulex meaning in Latin (12.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.