"prior" meaning in Latin

See prior in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈpri.or/ [Classical], [ˈpriɔr] [Classical], /ˈpri.or/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpriːor] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *priōs, from earlier *prijōs, from *pri + *-jōs, thus the comparative degree of Old Latin *pri (“before”), from Proto-Italic *pri from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”), *pró (“before”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*priōs}} Proto-Italic *priōs, {{m|itc-pro|*prijōs}} *prijōs, {{m|itc-pro|*pri}} *pri, {{m|itc-pro|*-jōs}} *-jōs, {{der|la|itc-ola|*pri||before}} Old Latin *pri (“before”), {{cog|itc-pro|*pri}} Proto-Italic *pri, {{der|la|ine-pro|*per-||beyond}} Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”), {{m|ine-pro|*pró||before}} *pró (“before”) Head templates: {{la-adj|prior|sup=prīmus}} prior (neuter prius, superlative prīmus); third-declension comparative adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|prior}} Forms: prius [neuter], prīmus [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], prior [feminine, masculine, nominative, singular], prius [neuter, nominative, singular], priōrēs [feminine, masculine, nominative, plural], priōra [neuter, nominative, plural], priōris [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter, singular], priōrum [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter, plural], priōrī [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], priōribus [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], priōrem [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], prius [accusative, neuter, singular], priōrēs [accusative, feminine, masculine, plural], priōra [accusative, neuter, plural], priōre [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], priōribus [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], prior [feminine, masculine, singular, vocative], prius [neuter, singular, vocative], priōrēs [feminine, masculine, plural, vocative], priōra [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. former, prior, previous, earlier (preceding in time) Tags: adjective, comparative, declension-3
    Sense id: en-prior-la-adj-Fna6uxy-
  2. the first, the original Tags: adjective, comparative, declension-3
    Sense id: en-prior-la-adj-xpETSN~U
  3. in front Tags: adjective, comparative, declension-3
    Sense id: en-prior-la-adj-sxQgeT7h
  4. (figuratively) better, superior Tags: adjective, comparative, declension-3, figuratively
    Sense id: en-prior-la-adj-YFeAYaoG
  5. (substantive, Medieval Latin) abbot, prior Tags: Medieval-Latin, adjective, comparative, declension-3, substantive Categories (topical): Monasticism
    Sense id: en-prior-la-adj-D3ZRczoT Disambiguation of Monasticism: 11 2 0 3 84 Categories (other): Medieval Latin, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup, Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup, Latin third declension adjectives of one termination Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 16 4 1 13 67 Disambiguation of Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup: 15 3 1 12 68 Disambiguation of Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup: 20 4 1 14 61 Disambiguation of Latin third declension adjectives of one termination: 14 12 10 25 39
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ā priōrī, priōrēs, prius, priusquam Related terms: prīmus

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for prior meaning in Latin (10.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ā priōrī"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "priōrēs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prius"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "priusquam"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "převor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Czech: převor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Czech: převor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "priori",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: priori",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: priori"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "prieur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: prieur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: prieur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "prióir",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Irish: prióir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Irish: prióir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "priore",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: priore",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: priore"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Prior"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "priori",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: priori",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: priori"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "przeor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: przeor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: przeor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "приор",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: приор (prior)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: приор (prior)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: prior"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*priōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *priōs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*prijōs"
      },
      "expansion": "*prijōs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*pri"
      },
      "expansion": "*pri",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*-jōs"
      },
      "expansion": "*-jōs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "*pri",
        "4": "",
        "5": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin *pri (“before”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*pri"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pró",
        "3": "",
        "4": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "*pró (“before”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *priōs, from earlier *prijōs, from *pri + *-jōs, thus the comparative degree of Old Latin *pri (“before”), from Proto-Italic *pri from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”), *pró (“before”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prīmus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prior",
        "sup": "prīmus"
      },
      "expansion": "prior (neuter prius, superlative prīmus); third-declension comparative adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prior"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prīmus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the year before, the previous year; during the year before",
          "text": "priore anno",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the previous summer",
          "text": "priore aestate",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the previous night",
          "text": "priore nocte",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.",
          "ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1",
          "text": "Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "former, prior, previous, earlier (preceding in time)"
      ],
      "id": "en-prior-la-adj-Fna6uxy-",
      "links": [
        [
          "former",
          "former"
        ],
        [
          "prior",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "previous",
          "previous"
        ],
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the first, the original"
      ],
      "id": "en-prior-la-adj-xpETSN~U",
      "links": [
        [
          "first",
          "first"
        ],
        [
          "original",
          "original"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in front"
      ],
      "id": "en-prior-la-adj-sxQgeT7h",
      "links": [
        [
          "front",
          "front"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Likewise, because of you, my sense of honor is gone, and a better reputation which was my only way to the stars.”\n(As a widow, Dido's chastity and devotion to the memory of her first husband would have been well-regarded in Augustan Rome.)",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.321–323",
          "text": "… tē propter eundem / exstīnctus pudor et, quā sōlā sīdera adībam, / fāma prior. …"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "better, superior"
      ],
      "id": "en-prior-la-adj-YFeAYaoG",
      "links": [
        [
          "better",
          "better"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) better, superior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Medieval Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 4 1 13 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 3 1 12 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 4 1 14 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 12 10 25 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 2 0 3 84",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Monasticism",
          "orig": "la:Monasticism",
          "parents": [
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "abbot, prior"
      ],
      "id": "en-prior-la-adj-D3ZRczoT",
      "links": [
        [
          "abbot",
          "abbot"
        ],
        [
          "prior",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(substantive, Medieval Latin) abbot, prior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3",
        "substantive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpri.or/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpriɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpri.or/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpriːor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "prior"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin comparative adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension adjectives",
    "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
    "la:Monasticism"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ā priōrī"
    },
    {
      "word": "priōrēs"
    },
    {
      "word": "prius"
    },
    {
      "word": "priusquam"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "převor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Czech: převor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Czech: převor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "priori",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: priori",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: priori"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "prieur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: prieur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: prieur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "prióir",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Irish: prióir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Irish: prióir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "priore",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: priore",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: priore"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Prior"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "priori",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: priori",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: priori"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "przeor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: przeor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: przeor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "приор",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: приор (prior)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: приор (prior)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: prior"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "prior",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: prior",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: prior"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*priōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *priōs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*prijōs"
      },
      "expansion": "*prijōs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*pri"
      },
      "expansion": "*pri",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*-jōs"
      },
      "expansion": "*-jōs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "*pri",
        "4": "",
        "5": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin *pri (“before”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*pri"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beyond"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pró",
        "3": "",
        "4": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "*pró (“before”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *priōs, from earlier *prijōs, from *pri + *-jōs, thus the comparative degree of Old Latin *pri (“before”), from Proto-Italic *pri from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond”), *pró (“before”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prīmus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "prius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prior",
        "sup": "prīmus"
      },
      "expansion": "prior (neuter prius, superlative prīmus); third-declension comparative adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prior"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "prīmus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations",
        "Latin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the year before, the previous year; during the year before",
          "text": "priore anno",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the previous summer",
          "text": "priore aestate",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the previous night",
          "text": "priore nocte",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.",
          "ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1",
          "text": "Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "former, prior, previous, earlier (preceding in time)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "former",
          "former"
        ],
        [
          "prior",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "previous",
          "previous"
        ],
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the first, the original"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "first",
          "first"
        ],
        [
          "original",
          "original"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in front"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "front",
          "front"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Likewise, because of you, my sense of honor is gone, and a better reputation which was my only way to the stars.”\n(As a widow, Dido's chastity and devotion to the memory of her first husband would have been well-regarded in Augustan Rome.)",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.321–323",
          "text": "… tē propter eundem / exstīnctus pudor et, quā sōlā sīdera adībam, / fāma prior. …"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "better, superior"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "better",
          "better"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) better, superior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Medieval Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "abbot, prior"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abbot",
          "abbot"
        ],
        [
          "prior",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(substantive, Medieval Latin) abbot, prior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "adjective",
        "comparative",
        "declension-3",
        "substantive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpri.or/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpriɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpri.or/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpriːor]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "prior"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.