per se in Latin

IPA: [ˈpɛr ˈseː] [Classical-Latin], [ˈpɛr ˈsɛː] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: per sē [canonical] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: First attested in the 11th century. By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”). Etymology templates: {{etydate/the|11th century}} the 11th century, {{etydate|11th century}} First attested in the 11th century, {{surf|la|per<t:by, through>|sē<t:itself, himself, herself, themselves>}} By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”) Head templates: {{la-adv|per sē|-}} per sē (not comparable)

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "per se",
            "3": "persé<q:obsolete>",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Dutch: per se, (obsolete) persé",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Dutch: per se, (obsolete) persé"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: per se"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "11th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 11th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "11th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 11th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "per<t:by, through>",
        "3": "sē<t:itself, himself, herself, themselves>"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the 11th century. By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "per sē",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "per sē",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "per sē (not comparable)",
      "name": "la-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Medieval Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by itself; separately; alone"
      ],
      "id": "en-per_se-la-adv-1bQpRK-n",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Medieval Latin) by itself; separately; alone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛr ˈseː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛr ˈsɛː]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "per se"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "per se",
            "3": "persé<q:obsolete>",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Dutch: per se, (obsolete) persé",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Dutch: per se, (obsolete) persé"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: per se"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "per se",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: per se",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: per se"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "11th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 11th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "11th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 11th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "per<t:by, through>",
        "3": "sē<t:itself, himself, herself, themselves>"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the 11th century. By surface analysis, per (“by, through”) + sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "per sē",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "per sē",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "per sē (not comparable)",
      "name": "la-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin adverbs",
        "Latin compound terms",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin multiword terms",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin uncomparable adverbs",
        "Medieval Latin",
        "Pages with 7 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by itself; separately; alone"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Medieval Latin) by itself; separately; alone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛr ˈseː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛr ˈsɛː]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "per se"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"per se" meaning in Latin

Adverb