See libum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*leiβom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *leiβom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂leybʰ-o-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leybʰ-o-m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀλείφω",
"t": "to anoint"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλείφω (aleíphō, “to anoint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lībō",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "deverbal from lībō",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed.\n* According to De Vaan, from either Proto-Italic *leiβom or *loiβom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leybʰ-o-m or *h₂loybʰ-o-m respectively, from *h₂leybʰ- (“(anointing) grease”). If this theory were accepted, then the term would be cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλείφω (aleíphō, “to anoint”), ἄλειφᾰρ (áleiphăr, “unguent”).\n* The linguist Roman Garnier alternatively suggests that it is deverbal from lībō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lībum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "lībī",
"links": [
[
"lībī",
"libi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībī",
"links": [
[
"lībī",
"libi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībōrum",
"links": [
[
"lībōrum",
"liborum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībō",
"links": [
[
"lībō",
"libo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībīs",
"links": [
[
"lībīs",
"libis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībō",
"links": [
[
"lībō",
"libo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībīs",
"links": [
[
"lībīs",
"libis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lībum<2>"
},
"expansion": "lībum n (genitive lībī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lībum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Desserts",
"orig": "la:Desserts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "la:Foods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lībācunculus"
},
{
"word": "lībāmen"
},
{
"word": "lībāmentum"
},
{
"word": "lībātiō"
},
{
"word": "lībātor"
},
{
"word": "lībātōrium"
},
{
"word": "lībō"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "birthday cake",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "lībum nātāle",
"translation": "birthday cake",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 3.733-734",
"text": "Nōmine ab auctōris dūcunt lībāmina nōmen\nlībaque, quod sānctīs pars datur inde focīs.\nLibations and cakes draw their names from the name of their inventor,\nbecause a portion of them is being offered upon the sacred hearths.\n(Ovid credits the god Liber, or Bacchus, with the origin of ancient sacred ritual practices, such as offering a lībāmen (“libation”) and a lībum (“cake”). For another likely link to Liber’s name – and the Latin lībō – see also the Greek λείβω (leíbō, “to pour”).)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cake or pancake, made of meal and milk or oil and spread with honey, such as was offered to the gods, especially on a birthday"
],
"id": "en-libum-la-noun-DKQpadSs",
"links": [
[
"cake",
"cake"
],
[
"pancake",
"pancake"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈliː.bũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈliː.bum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "libum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lībācunculus"
},
{
"word": "lībāmen"
},
{
"word": "lībāmentum"
},
{
"word": "lībātiō"
},
{
"word": "lībātor"
},
{
"word": "lībātōrium"
},
{
"word": "lībō"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leybʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*leiβom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *leiβom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂leybʰ-o-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leybʰ-o-m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀλείφω",
"t": "to anoint"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλείφω (aleíphō, “to anoint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lībō",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "deverbal from lībō",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed.\n* According to De Vaan, from either Proto-Italic *leiβom or *loiβom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leybʰ-o-m or *h₂loybʰ-o-m respectively, from *h₂leybʰ- (“(anointing) grease”). If this theory were accepted, then the term would be cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλείφω (aleíphō, “to anoint”), ἄλειφᾰρ (áleiphăr, “unguent”).\n* The linguist Roman Garnier alternatively suggests that it is deverbal from lībō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lībum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "lībī",
"links": [
[
"lībī",
"libi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībī",
"links": [
[
"lībī",
"libi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībōrum",
"links": [
[
"lībōrum",
"liborum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībō",
"links": [
[
"lībō",
"libo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībīs",
"links": [
[
"lībīs",
"libis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībō",
"links": [
[
"lībō",
"libo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lībīs",
"links": [
[
"lībīs",
"libis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lībum",
"links": [
[
"lībum",
"libum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lība",
"links": [
[
"lība",
"liba#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lībum<2>"
},
"expansion": "lībum n (genitive lībī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lībum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂leybʰ-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with collocations",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Desserts",
"la:Foods"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "birthday cake",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "lībum nātāle",
"translation": "birthday cake",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 3.733-734",
"text": "Nōmine ab auctōris dūcunt lībāmina nōmen\nlībaque, quod sānctīs pars datur inde focīs.\nLibations and cakes draw their names from the name of their inventor,\nbecause a portion of them is being offered upon the sacred hearths.\n(Ovid credits the god Liber, or Bacchus, with the origin of ancient sacred ritual practices, such as offering a lībāmen (“libation”) and a lībum (“cake”). For another likely link to Liber’s name – and the Latin lībō – see also the Greek λείβω (leíbō, “to pour”).)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cake or pancake, made of meal and milk or oil and spread with honey, such as was offered to the gods, especially on a birthday"
],
"links": [
[
"cake",
"cake"
],
[
"pancake",
"pancake"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈliː.bũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈliː.bum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "libum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for libum meaning in Latin (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (702fa29 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.