See gula in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dēgulō"
}
],
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
"descendants": [
{
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},
{
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}
],
"lang": "Old Francoprovençal",
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},
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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"lang_code": "de",
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],
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},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
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},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "gora"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "gură"
},
{
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},
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"lang_code": "rm",
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},
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"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gula"
},
{
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"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "ula"
},
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},
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],
"word": "gula"
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},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "gueuye"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "gouliá",
"word": "γουλιά"
},
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"descendants": [
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"lang_code": "it",
"word": "ingollare"
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"lang_code": "la",
"word": "*ingulāre"
},
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"word": "engolir"
},
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"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "engulir"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "engolir"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "engolir"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "*ingullīre"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
]
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mariupol Greek",
"lang_code": "grk-mar",
"roman": "húla",
"word": "гу́ла"
}
],
"lang": "Byzantine Greek",
"lang_code": "gkm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "goúla",
"word": "γούλα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷel-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गल",
"3": "",
"4": "throat, neck"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गल (gala, “throat, neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կլանեմ",
"3": "կուլ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "глотка",
"3": "",
"4": "throat"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گلو",
"t": "throat",
"tr": "galu"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gewrî, gerû",
"3": "",
"4": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish gewrî, gerû (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n*Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- or *gʷelh₁- (“throat”), with assumed cognates in Sanskrit गल (gala, “throat, neck”), Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-), Russian глотка (glotka, “throat”), Persian گلو (galu, “throat”), and Northern Kurdish gewrî, gerû (“throat”). Kroonen reconstructs *gʷlh₁-eh₂.\n*However, De Vaan doubts that *gʷel- can phonetically give rise to Latin gul-. See gluttō (“glutton”) for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulārum",
"links": [
[
"gulārum",
"gularum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulīs",
"links": [
[
"gulīs",
"gulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulās",
"links": [
[
"gulās",
"gulas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulā",
"links": [
[
"gulā",
"gula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulīs",
"links": [
[
"gulīs",
"gulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gula<1>"
},
"expansion": "gula f (genitive gulae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gluttō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gullet, throat, palate"
],
"id": "en-gula-la-noun-thhBuThs",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"gullet",
"gullet"
],
[
"throat",
"throat"
],
[
"palate",
"palate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) gullet, throat, palate"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faucēs"
},
{
"word": "rūmen"
},
{
"word": "frūmen"
},
{
"word": "guttur"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluttony, greediness"
],
"id": "en-gula-la-noun-HAtVJ~0w",
"links": [
[
"gluttony",
"gluttony"
],
[
"greediness",
"greediness"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡuː.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 31 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gulōsus"
},
{
"word": "dēgulō"
}
],
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{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
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},
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "vola"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "gaula"
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{
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"lang_code": "egl",
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},
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"lang": "Old Francoprovençal",
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"lang": "Middle French",
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},
{
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},
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},
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],
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"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "gora"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "gură"
},
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"lang_code": "pt",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "pt",
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],
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},
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],
"word": "gula"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "rm",
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},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
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},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "ula"
},
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},
{
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],
"word": "gula"
},
{
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},
{
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"word": "gola"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "gueuye"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
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"word": "γουλιά"
},
{
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},
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},
{
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"lang_code": "pt",
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}
],
"lang": "unknown",
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}
],
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]
},
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"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "goúla",
"word": "γούλα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷel-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गल",
"3": "",
"4": "throat, neck"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गल (gala, “throat, neck”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կլանեմ",
"3": "կուլ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "глотка",
"3": "",
"4": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Russian глотка (glotka, “throat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گلو",
"t": "throat",
"tr": "galu"
},
"expansion": "Persian گلو (galu, “throat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gewrî, gerû",
"3": "",
"4": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish gewrî, gerû (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n*Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- or *gʷelh₁- (“throat”), with assumed cognates in Sanskrit गल (gala, “throat, neck”), Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-), Russian глотка (glotka, “throat”), Persian گلو (galu, “throat”), and Northern Kurdish gewrî, gerû (“throat”). Kroonen reconstructs *gʷlh₁-eh₂.\n*However, De Vaan doubts that *gʷel- can phonetically give rise to Latin gul-. See gluttō (“glutton”) for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulārum",
"links": [
[
"gulārum",
"gularum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulīs",
"links": [
[
"gulīs",
"gulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulās",
"links": [
[
"gulās",
"gulas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulā",
"links": [
[
"gulā",
"gula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulīs",
"links": [
[
"gulīs",
"gulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gula<1>"
},
"expansion": "gula f (genitive gulae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gluttō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"gullet, throat, palate"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"gullet",
"gullet"
],
[
"throat",
"throat"
],
[
"palate",
"palate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) gullet, throat, palate"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faucēs"
},
{
"word": "rūmen"
},
{
"word": "frūmen"
},
{
"word": "guttur"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gluttony, greediness"
],
"links": [
[
"gluttony",
"gluttony"
],
[
"greediness",
"greediness"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡuː.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gula meaning in Latin (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.