See gluma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glume"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glume"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glumă"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*glouβ(s)mā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *glouβ(s)mā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*glūmma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *glūmma",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "De Vaan posits a preform Proto-Italic *glouβ(s)mā, from Proto-Indo-European *gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ-. Sihler suggests a development from Proto-Italic *glūmma, from earlier *glewbmā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glūma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "glūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūma<1>"
},
"expansion": "glūma f (genitive glūmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.48.1",
"text": "ea (spīca) quae mutilāta nōn est, in hordeō et trīticō, tria habet continentia, grānum, glūmam, aristam et etiam, prīmitus spīca cum oritur, vāgīnam. grānum dīcitur quod est intimum soldum; glūma quī est folliculus ejus; arista quae ut acus tenuis longa ēminet ē glūmā, proinde ut grānī apex sit glūma et arista. arista et grānum omnibus ferē nōtum, glūma paucīs. itaque id apud Ennium sōlum scrīptum sciō esse in Euhēmerī librīs versīs. vidētur vocābulum etymum habēre ā glūbendō, quod eō folliculō dēglūbitur grānum. itaque eōdem vocābulō appellant fīcī ejus, quam edimus, folliculum. arista dicta, quod ārēscit prīma. grānum ā gerendō: id enim ut gerat spīca, seritur frūmentum, nōn ut glūmam aut aristam gerat, ut vītis seritur, nōn ut pampinum ferat, sed ut ūvam.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 500 CE, Servius, In Vergilii Georgicon libros 1.267",
"text": "nōnnūllī trādunt rūsticōs solitōs, sīquando ad excūdendās frūgēs essent imbribus inpedītī, spīcās integrās condere et, prout indiguisset ūsus, hieme torrēre, quō facilius ā glūmā suā sēparātum trīticum molerent.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"husk of grain, the glume"
],
"id": "en-gluma-la-noun-WeIxbel4",
"links": [
[
"husk",
"husk"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"glume",
"glume"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folliculus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"word": "gluma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glume"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glume"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "glumă"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gluma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*glouβ(s)mā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *glouβ(s)mā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*glūmma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *glūmma",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "De Vaan posits a preform Proto-Italic *glouβ(s)mā, from Proto-Indo-European *gl(e/o)wbʰ-m-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *glewbʰ-. Sihler suggests a development from Proto-Italic *glūmma, from earlier *glewbmā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glūma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "glūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "glūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūma<1>"
},
"expansion": "glūma f (genitive glūmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.48.1",
"text": "ea (spīca) quae mutilāta nōn est, in hordeō et trīticō, tria habet continentia, grānum, glūmam, aristam et etiam, prīmitus spīca cum oritur, vāgīnam. grānum dīcitur quod est intimum soldum; glūma quī est folliculus ejus; arista quae ut acus tenuis longa ēminet ē glūmā, proinde ut grānī apex sit glūma et arista. arista et grānum omnibus ferē nōtum, glūma paucīs. itaque id apud Ennium sōlum scrīptum sciō esse in Euhēmerī librīs versīs. vidētur vocābulum etymum habēre ā glūbendō, quod eō folliculō dēglūbitur grānum. itaque eōdem vocābulō appellant fīcī ejus, quam edimus, folliculum. arista dicta, quod ārēscit prīma. grānum ā gerendō: id enim ut gerat spīca, seritur frūmentum, nōn ut glūmam aut aristam gerat, ut vītis seritur, nōn ut pampinum ferat, sed ut ūvam.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 500 CE, Servius, In Vergilii Georgicon libros 1.267",
"text": "nōnnūllī trādunt rūsticōs solitōs, sīquando ad excūdendās frūgēs essent imbribus inpedītī, spīcās integrās condere et, prout indiguisset ūsus, hieme torrēre, quō facilius ā glūmā suā sēparātum trīticum molerent.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"husk of grain, the glume"
],
"links": [
[
"husk",
"husk"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"glume",
"glume"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folliculus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"word": "gluma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gluma meaning in Latin (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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