See forum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fòrum"
},
{
"lang": "Chechen",
"lang_code": "ce",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "horam",
"word": "хӏорам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Forum"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "poreom",
"word": "포럼"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fórum"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "for"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "forum",
"word": "форум"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "fórum",
"word": "фо́рум"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "foro"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*fworom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *fworom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwor-om",
"4": "",
"5": "enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰwor-om (“enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дворъ",
"3": "",
"4": "court, courtyard"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дворъ (dvorŭ, “court, courtyard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "द्वार",
"3": "",
"4": "door, gate, passage",
"tr": "dvā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra, “door, gate, passage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dvãras",
"3": "",
"4": "estate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian dvãras (“estate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fworom, from earlier *θworom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwor-om (“enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door”), from *dʰwer- (“door, gate”).\nCognate with foris, forās, Old Church Slavonic дворъ (dvorŭ, “court, courtyard”), Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra, “door, gate, passage”) and Lithuanian dvãras (“estate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "forum<2>"
},
"expansion": "forum n (genitive forī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "forum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 8 0 0 1 3 1 0 8 0 0 1 0 0 1 12 8 7 8 10 10 7 0 1 0 0 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "forensis"
},
{
"word": "forica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"public place, marketplace, forum"
],
"id": "en-forum-la-noun-ZlxytyVm",
"links": [
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"marketplace",
"marketplace"
],
[
"forum",
"forum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɔ.rũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɔː.rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "forum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "forensis"
},
{
"word": "forica"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fòrum"
},
{
"lang": "Chechen",
"lang_code": "ce",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "horam",
"word": "хӏорам"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Forum"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "poreom",
"word": "포럼"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fórum"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "for"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "forum",
"word": "форум"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "fórum",
"word": "фо́рум"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "foro"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "forum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*fworom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *fworom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwor-om",
"4": "",
"5": "enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰwor-om (“enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дворъ",
"3": "",
"4": "court, courtyard"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дворъ (dvorŭ, “court, courtyard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "द्वार",
"3": "",
"4": "door, gate, passage",
"tr": "dvā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra, “door, gate, passage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dvãras",
"3": "",
"4": "estate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian dvãras (“estate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fworom, from earlier *θworom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwor-om (“enclosure, courtyard, i.e. something enclosed by the door, or the place outside, i.e. through the door”), from *dʰwer- (“door, gate”).\nCognate with foris, forās, Old Church Slavonic дворъ (dvorŭ, “court, courtyard”), Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra, “door, gate, passage”) and Lithuanian dvãras (“estate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "forīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "forum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "forum<2>"
},
"expansion": "forum n (genitive forī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "forum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰwer-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"public place, marketplace, forum"
],
"links": [
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"marketplace",
"marketplace"
],
[
"forum",
"forum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɔ.rũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɔː.rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "forum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for forum meaning in Latin (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.