See dirus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dīritās"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dire"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diro"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "diru"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*deiros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *deiros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwey- (“to fear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δεινός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երկն",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երկն (erkn)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *deiros, from Proto-Indo-European *dwey- (“to fear”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós), Old Armenian երկն (erkn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dīrus",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dīrus",
"comp": "dīrior",
"sup": "dīrissimus"
},
"expansion": "dīrus (feminine dīra, neuter dīrum, comparative dīrior, superlative dīrissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dīrus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
16
]
],
"english": "A most fearful old man.",
"text": "Senex dirissimus.",
"translation": "A most fearful old man.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fearful"
],
"id": "en-dirus-la-adj-MxsEnnL7",
"links": [
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ominous"
],
"id": "en-dirus-la-adj-WwM8ityv",
"links": [
[
"ominous",
"ominous"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 87 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dreadful, detestable"
],
"id": "en-dirus-la-adj-pLZQLcvM",
"links": [
[
"dreadful",
"dreadful"
],
[
"detestable",
"detestable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of character) dreadful, detestable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of character"
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dire"
],
"id": "en-dirus-la-adj-SQJfL49U",
"links": [
[
"dire",
"dire"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdiː.rʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdiː.rus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dirus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dīritās"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dire"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diro"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "diru"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*deiros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *deiros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwey- (“to fear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δεινός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երկն",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երկն (erkn)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *deiros, from Proto-Indo-European *dwey- (“to fear”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós), Old Armenian երկն (erkn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dīrus",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dīre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dīra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dīrus",
"comp": "dīrior",
"sup": "dīrissimus"
},
"expansion": "dīrus (feminine dīra, neuter dīrum, comparative dīrior, superlative dīrissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dīrus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
16
]
],
"english": "A most fearful old man.",
"text": "Senex dirissimus.",
"translation": "A most fearful old man.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fearful"
],
"links": [
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ominous"
],
"links": [
[
"ominous",
"ominous"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dreadful, detestable"
],
"links": [
[
"dreadful",
"dreadful"
],
[
"detestable",
"detestable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of character) dreadful, detestable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of character"
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dire"
],
"links": [
[
"dire",
"dire"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdiː.rʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdiː.rus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dirus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dirus meaning in Latin (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.