See crispus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "succrispus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "subcrispus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"word": "kreshpë"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cresp"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "crisp"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "crêpe"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "crêpe"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "crecho"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "crispa"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "crespu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "grespo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krispos",
"t": "curly, crumpled, twisted"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *krispos (“curly, crumpled, twisted”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crych",
"t": "ripple, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crych (“ripple, wrinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "crec'h",
"l": "id."
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kris-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kris-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Italic *krispos (“curly, crumpled, twisted”), with cognates in Welsh crych (“ripple, wrinkle”), Breton (id.) crec'h. The Italo-Celtic forms seem to trace back to a Proto-Indo-European *kris- (whence also crīnis (“hair of the head”), crista (“crest, plume”)), which has been tentatively linked further to Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crispa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crispus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
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"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
"links": [
[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
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"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
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"neuter",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
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[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
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"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
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[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispōrum",
"links": [
[
"crispōrum",
"crisporum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispārum",
"links": [
[
"crispārum",
"crisparum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispōrum",
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[
"crispōrum",
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]
],
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]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispīs",
"links": [
[
"crispīs",
"crispis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispōs",
"links": [
[
"crispōs",
"crispos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispās",
"links": [
[
"crispās",
"crispas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispā",
"links": [
[
"crispā",
"crispa#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
"links": [
[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispīs",
"links": [
[
"crispīs",
"crispis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
"links": [
[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crispus"
},
"expansion": "crispus (feminine crispa, neuter crispum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crispus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crispō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"curly; crimped (of hair)"
],
"id": "en-crispus-la-adj-g8k936no",
"links": [
[
"curly",
"curly"
],
[
"crimped",
"crimped"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tremulous"
],
"id": "en-crispus-la-adj-3Og1heY5",
"links": [
[
"tremulous",
"tremulous"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkrɪs.pʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkris.pus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "crispus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "succrispus"
},
{
"word": "subcrispus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"word": "kreshpë"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cresp"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "crisp"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "crêpe"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "crêpe"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "crecho"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "crispa"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "crespu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "crespo"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "grespo"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krispos",
"t": "curly, crumpled, twisted"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *krispos (“curly, crumpled, twisted”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crych",
"t": "ripple, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crych (“ripple, wrinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "crec'h",
"l": "id."
},
"expansion": "Breton (id.) crec'h",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kris-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kris-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Italic *krispos (“curly, crumpled, twisted”), with cognates in Welsh crych (“ripple, wrinkle”), Breton (id.) crec'h. The Italo-Celtic forms seem to trace back to a Proto-Indo-European *kris- (whence also crīnis (“hair of the head”), crista (“crest, plume”)), which has been tentatively linked further to Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crispa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
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"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crispus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
"links": [
[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
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[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
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"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
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[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
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"tags": [
"genitive",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispōrum",
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[
"crispōrum",
"crisporum#Latin"
]
],
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"tags": [
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"masculine",
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]
},
{
"form": "crispārum",
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[
"crispārum",
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]
],
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"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispōrum",
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[
"crispōrum",
"crisporum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispīs",
"links": [
[
"crispīs",
"crispis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispōs",
"links": [
[
"crispōs",
"crispos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispās",
"links": [
[
"crispās",
"crispas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispā",
"links": [
[
"crispā",
"crispa#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispō",
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[
"crispō",
"crispo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crispīs",
"links": [
[
"crispīs",
"crispis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crispe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispī",
"links": [
[
"crispī",
"crispi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crispa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crispus"
},
"expansion": "crispus (feminine crispa, neuter crispum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crispus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "crispō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"curly; crimped (of hair)"
],
"links": [
[
"curly",
"curly"
],
[
"crimped",
"crimped"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tremulous"
],
"links": [
[
"tremulous",
"tremulous"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkrɪs.pʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkris.pus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "crispus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crispus meaning in Latin (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.