See cognomen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cōgnōminis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "colombroño"
}
],
"lang": "Inherited",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognom"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognombre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "konjåm"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cognom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognom"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cugnumi"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "con-",
"4": "nōmen",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥\nProto-Italic *nōmn̥\nLatin nōmen\nLatin cognomen\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁nómn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*nōmn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"nōmen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cognomen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cognomen\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "con-",
"3": "nōmen",
"t1": "together, with",
"t2": "name"
},
"expansion": "con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥\nProto-Italic *nōmn̥\nLatin nōmen\nLatin cognomen\nFrom con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”). The g is from false association, or analogy, with cognōscō (“recognize”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminis",
"links": [
[
"cognōminis",
"cognominis"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminis",
"links": [
[
"cognōminis",
"cognominis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminum",
"links": [
[
"cognōminum",
"cognominum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminī",
"links": [
[
"cognōminī",
"cognomini#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminibus",
"links": [
[
"cognōminibus",
"cognominibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmine",
"links": [
[
"cognōmine",
"cognomine#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminibus",
"links": [
[
"cognōminibus",
"cognominibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cognōmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "cognōmen n (genitive cognōminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cognōmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "agnōmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nōmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "praenōmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "prōnōmen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 26 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 39 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms prefixed with con-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 22 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "la:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surname"
],
"id": "en-cognomen-la-noun-ZVwy-4RV",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 39 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 49 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third part of a formal name"
],
"id": "en-cognomen-la-noun-NMJ0zrZP",
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 39 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 51",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Onomastics",
"orig": "la:Onomastics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“There is a place, the Greeks call [it] by the name Hesperia [i.e., Italy], ….”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.530",
"text": "Est locus, Hesperiam Grāī cognōmine dīcunt, [...].",
"translation": "“There is a place, the Greeks call [it] by the name Hesperia [i.e., Italy], ….”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an additional name derived from some characteristic; a nickname, moniker"
],
"id": "en-cognomen-la-noun-f7fAKHyc",
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"nickname",
"nickname"
],
[
"moniker",
"moniker"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɔŋˈnoː.mɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[koɲˈɲɔː.men]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cognomen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁nómn̥",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Latin terms prefixed with con-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Ancient Rome",
"la:Onomastics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cōgnōminis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "colombroño"
}
],
"lang": "Inherited",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognom"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognombre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "konjåm"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cognom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognom"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cugnumi"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cognome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "con-",
"4": "nōmen",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥\nProto-Italic *nōmn̥\nLatin nōmen\nLatin cognomen\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁nómn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*nōmn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"nōmen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cognomen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cognomen\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "con-",
"3": "nōmen",
"t1": "together, with",
"t2": "name"
},
"expansion": "con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥\nProto-Italic *nōmn̥\nLatin nōmen\nLatin cognomen\nFrom con- (“together, with”) + nōmen (“name”). The g is from false association, or analogy, with cognōscō (“recognize”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminis",
"links": [
[
"cognōminis",
"cognominis"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminis",
"links": [
[
"cognōminis",
"cognominis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminum",
"links": [
[
"cognōminum",
"cognominum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminī",
"links": [
[
"cognōminī",
"cognomini#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminibus",
"links": [
[
"cognōminibus",
"cognominibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmine",
"links": [
[
"cognōmine",
"cognomine#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōminibus",
"links": [
[
"cognōminibus",
"cognominibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmen",
"links": [
[
"cognōmen",
"cognomen#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cognōmina",
"links": [
[
"cognōmina",
"cognomina#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cognōmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "cognōmen n (genitive cognōminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cognōmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "agnōmen"
},
{
"word": "nōmen"
},
{
"word": "praenōmen"
},
{
"word": "prōnōmen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"third part of a formal name"
],
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“There is a place, the Greeks call [it] by the name Hesperia [i.e., Italy], ….”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.530",
"text": "Est locus, Hesperiam Grāī cognōmine dīcunt, [...].",
"translation": "“There is a place, the Greeks call [it] by the name Hesperia [i.e., Italy], ….”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an additional name derived from some characteristic; a nickname, moniker"
],
"links": [
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"nickname",
"nickname"
],
[
"moniker",
"moniker"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɔŋˈnoː.mɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[koɲˈɲɔː.men]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cognomen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cognomen meaning in Latin (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.