See cervesa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "cervogia",
"alt": "cervigia",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Italian: cervigia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Italian: cervigia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cervese"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cervese",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cervese"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: cervesa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: cervesa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: cervesa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: cervesa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cervoise"
},
"expansion": "Old French: cervoise",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: cervoise (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "unattested?"
},
"expansion": "(unattested?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: (unattested?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cervexa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cervexa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cervexa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cerveja"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cerveja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cerveja (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: cervesa, çervisa\nSpanish: cerveza (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: cervesa, çervisa\nSpanish: cerveza (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κερβησία",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kurmi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a derivative of Proto-Celtic *kurmi. First documented in Pliny.\nInformation on variants\nBy far the most common form in Classical Latin was cervēsa, and it is particularly well-represented in the Vindolanda tablets. In Late Latin it was marginalised in favour of the forms cervēsia, cervisa, cervisia. The variant vowel ⟨i⟩ for the second syllable seems to have been short, judging by the Romance outcomes, although the Italian cervigia would suggest an additional cervīsia if it is in fact native. Cf. also the Old Spanish çervisa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerevisia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervisia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herbisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cirvisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerbisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerbēsia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervica",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cervēsa<1>"
},
"expansion": "cervēsa f (genitive cervēsae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cervēsa<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "la:Alcoholic beverages",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "la:Beer",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "la:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "camum"
},
{
"word": "cēlia"
},
{
"word": "zythum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Celtic wheat-beer"
],
"id": "en-cervesa-la-noun-Pm6YrOmj",
"tags": [
"declension-1"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Natural History (Pliny)",
"Vindolanda tablets",
"la:cervesia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kerˈu̯eː.sa/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɛrˈu̯eːs̠ä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃerˈve.sa/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃerˈvɛːs̬ä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cervesa"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "camum"
},
{
"word": "cēlia"
},
{
"word": "zythum"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "cervogia",
"alt": "cervigia",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Italian: cervigia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Italian: cervigia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cervese"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cervese",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cervese"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: cervesa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: cervesa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: cervesa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: cervesa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cervoise"
},
"expansion": "Old French: cervoise",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: cervoise (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "unattested?"
},
"expansion": "(unattested?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: (unattested?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cervexa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cervexa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cervexa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cerveja"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cerveja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cerveja (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "cervesa"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: cervesa, çervisa\nSpanish: cerveza (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: cervesa, çervisa\nSpanish: cerveza (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κερβησία",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: κερβησία (kerbēsía)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kurmi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a derivative of Proto-Celtic *kurmi. First documented in Pliny.\nInformation on variants\nBy far the most common form in Classical Latin was cervēsa, and it is particularly well-represented in the Vindolanda tablets. In Late Latin it was marginalised in favour of the forms cervēsia, cervisa, cervisia. The variant vowel ⟨i⟩ for the second syllable seems to have been short, judging by the Romance outcomes, although the Italian cervigia would suggest an additional cervīsia if it is in fact native. Cf. also the Old Spanish çervisa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervēsia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerevisia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervisia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herbisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cirvisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerbisa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerbēsia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cervica",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cervēsa<1>"
},
"expansion": "cervēsa f (genitive cervēsae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cervēsa<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Alcoholic beverages",
"la:Beer",
"la:Liquids"
],
"glosses": [
"Celtic wheat-beer"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Natural History (Pliny)",
"Vindolanda tablets",
"la:cervesia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kerˈu̯eː.sa/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɛrˈu̯eːs̠ä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃerˈve.sa/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃerˈvɛːs̬ä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cervesa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cervesa meaning in Latin (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.