See campus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for campus meaning in Latin (17.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campagus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camparāius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campensis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campester"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campicellum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campicursiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campidoctor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campigenus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campāna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campāneus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Campānia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "campānius"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãmpu",
"3": "chemp"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cãmpu, chemp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cãmpu, chemp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "cǫmp"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫmp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "câmp"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: câmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: câmp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cuomp"
},
"expansion": "cuomp",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "cuomp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: campu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: campu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: campu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "canp"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: canp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: canp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "cànpo"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: cànpo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: cànpo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "canp"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: canp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: canp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: camp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "câmp"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: câmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: câmp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjamp"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjamp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ciamp"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ciamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ciamp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "champ",
"3": "camp",
"4": "tgomp"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: champ, camp, tgomp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: champ, camp, tgomp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "canpo",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: canpo, camp, canp, campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: canpo, camp, canp, campo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: camp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "champ"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: champ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: champ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "champ",
"alt": "champ, camp"
},
"expansion": "Old French: champ, camp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: champ, camp (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: camp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "campu",
"3": "campo",
"4": "quempu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: campu, campo, quempu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: campu, campo, quempu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Fala: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: campo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: campo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: campo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: campo, canpo\nSpanish: campo\n→ English: camp; campo\n→ Ye'kwana: kamju",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: campo, canpo\nSpanish: campo\n→ English: camp; campo\n→ Ye'kwana: kamju"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "κάμπος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: κάμπος (kámpos)\nGreek: κάμπος (kámpos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: κάμπος (kámpos)\nGreek: κάμπος (kámpos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: campus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: campus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: campus\n→ Romanian: campus\n→ Turkish: kampüs",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: campus\n→ Romanian: campus\n→ Turkish: kampüs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "קמפוס",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kampus"
},
"expansion": "→ Hebrew: קמפוס (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hebrew: קמפוס (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "campas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: campas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: campas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "campus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: campus, câmpus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: campus, câmpus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: kampus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кампус"
},
"expansion": "кампус",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: kampus / кампус"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kampüs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kampüs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kampüs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "camp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: camp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kamp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kamp (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "kanpo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: kanpo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: kanpo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कैंप",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: कैंप (ka͠ip)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: कैंप (ka͠ip)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zdj",
"2": "kampi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ngazidja Comorian: kampi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ngazidja Comorian: kampi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovene: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovene: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کیمپ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kaimp"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: کیمپ (kaimp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: کیمپ (kaimp)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "camp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: camp"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kampos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kampos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kh₂ém-po-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ém-po-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kh₂em-",
"3": "*kh₂emp-",
"t": "to bend, curve; smooth"
},
"expansion": "*kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve; smooth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kam̃pas",
"3": "",
"4": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kam̃pas (“corner”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καμπή",
"3": "καμπ-",
"t": "bend"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καμπ- (kamp-, “bend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "camur",
"3": "",
"4": "curved, bent"
},
"expansion": "camur (“curved, bent”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally, from Proto-Italic *kampos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ém-po-s, from *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve; smooth”), making it an exact cognate of Lithuanian kam̃pas (“corner”) and Ancient Greek καμπ- (kamp-, “bend”). Compare camur (“curved, bent”) for the root without a -p- suffix.\nAlternatively, perhaps an agricultural term borrowed from a substrate language; this would explain the irregular correspondences between Latin and Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "campī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "campus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "campus<2>"
},
"expansion": "campus m (genitive campī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "campus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“In this plain,” he says (and he shows me the plain), “a thrifty countrywoman was maintaining a little farm along with her sturdy husband.”",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.691–692",
"roman": "rūs breve cum dūrō parca colōna virō.’",
"text": "‘hoc’ ait ‘in campō’ (campumque ostendit) ‘habēbat"
},
{
"english": "The Field of Mars",
"text": "Campus Mārtius",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Open flat level ground: a plain, a natural field."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-X2miQ1UN",
"links": [
[
"Open",
"open"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Plautus, Trin., 4, 1, 15",
"text": "...campī natantēs..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any flat or level surface."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-3M7qFj0M",
"links": [
[
"Any",
"any"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) Any flat or level surface."
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"literary",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The comitia centuriāta, which met on the Campus Mārtius."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-MT0iBVm5",
"links": [
[
"comitia centuriāta",
"comitia centuriāta"
],
[
"met",
"met"
],
[
"Campus Mārtius",
"Campus Mārtius"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A field of action: scope."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-G2CnZbnr",
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"scope",
"scope"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A field of debate: a topic."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-mni8~uMR",
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"debate",
"debate"
],
[
"topic",
"topic"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An opportunity."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-HbNxmJ8K",
"links": [
[
"opportunity",
"opportunity"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The produce of a field."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-Unht8uSU",
"links": [
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 16 7 6 10 4 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 9 15 11 11 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The campus of a university, college, or business."
],
"id": "en-campus-la-noun-3MYLKiis",
"links": [
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"college",
"college"
],
[
"business",
"business"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) The campus of a university, college, or business."
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkam.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkämpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkam.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkämpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "campus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Leonese term requests"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "campagus"
},
{
"word": "camparāius"
},
{
"word": "campensis"
},
{
"word": "campester"
},
{
"word": "campicellum"
},
{
"word": "campicursiō"
},
{
"word": "campidoctor"
},
{
"word": "campigenus"
},
{
"word": "campiō"
},
{
"word": "campulus"
},
{
"word": "campāna"
},
{
"word": "campāneus"
},
{
"word": "Campānia"
},
{
"word": "campānius"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãmpu",
"3": "chemp"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cãmpu, chemp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cãmpu, chemp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "cǫmp"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫmp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "câmp"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: câmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: câmp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cuomp"
},
"expansion": "cuomp",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "cuomp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: campu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: campu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: campu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "canp"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: canp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: canp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "cànpo"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: cànpo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: cànpo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "canp"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: canp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: canp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: camp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "câmp"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: câmp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: câmp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjamp"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjamp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ciamp"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ciamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ciamp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "champ",
"3": "camp",
"4": "tgomp"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: champ, camp, tgomp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: champ, camp, tgomp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "canpo",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: canpo, camp, canp, campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: canpo, camp, canp, campo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: camp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "champ"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: champ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: champ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "champ",
"alt": "champ, camp"
},
"expansion": "Old French: champ, camp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: champ, camp (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "camp"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: camp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "campu",
"3": "campo",
"4": "quempu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: campu, campo, quempu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: campu, campo, quempu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: campo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "campu"
},
"expansion": "Fala: campu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: campu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: campo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: campo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: campo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: campo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "campo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: campo, canpo\nSpanish: campo\n→ English: camp; campo\n→ Ye'kwana: kamju",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: campo, canpo\nSpanish: campo\n→ English: camp; campo\n→ Ye'kwana: kamju"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "κάμπος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: κάμπος (kámpos)\nGreek: κάμπος (kámpos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: κάμπος (kámpos)\nGreek: κάμπος (kámpos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: campus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: campus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: campus\n→ Romanian: campus\n→ Turkish: kampüs",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: campus\n→ Romanian: campus\n→ Turkish: kampüs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "קמפוס",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kampus"
},
"expansion": "→ Hebrew: קמפוס (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hebrew: קמפוס (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "campas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: campas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: campas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kampus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kampus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "campus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: campus, câmpus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: campus, câmpus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kampus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: kampus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кампус"
},
"expansion": "кампус",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: kampus / кампус"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "campus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: campus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: campus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kampüs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kampüs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kampüs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кампус",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: кампус (kampus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: кампус (kampus)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "camp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: camp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kamp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kamp (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "kanpo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: kanpo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: kanpo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कैंप",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: कैंप (ka͠ip)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: कैंप (ka͠ip)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zdj",
"2": "kampi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ngazidja Comorian: kampi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ngazidja Comorian: kampi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovene: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovene: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kamp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kamp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kamp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کیمپ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kaimp"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: کیمپ (kaimp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: کیمپ (kaimp)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "camp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: camp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: camp"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kampos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kampos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kh₂ém-po-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ém-po-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kh₂em-",
"3": "*kh₂emp-",
"t": "to bend, curve; smooth"
},
"expansion": "*kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve; smooth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kam̃pas",
"3": "",
"4": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kam̃pas (“corner”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καμπή",
"3": "καμπ-",
"t": "bend"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καμπ- (kamp-, “bend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "camur",
"3": "",
"4": "curved, bent"
},
"expansion": "camur (“curved, bent”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally, from Proto-Italic *kampos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ém-po-s, from *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve; smooth”), making it an exact cognate of Lithuanian kam̃pas (“corner”) and Ancient Greek καμπ- (kamp-, “bend”). Compare camur (“curved, bent”) for the root without a -p- suffix.\nAlternatively, perhaps an agricultural term borrowed from a substrate language; this would explain the irregular correspondences between Latin and Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "campī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "campus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "campīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "campe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "campī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "campus<2>"
},
"expansion": "campus m (genitive campī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "campus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“In this plain,” he says (and he shows me the plain), “a thrifty countrywoman was maintaining a little farm along with her sturdy husband.”",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.691–692",
"roman": "rūs breve cum dūrō parca colōna virō.’",
"text": "‘hoc’ ait ‘in campō’ (campumque ostendit) ‘habēbat"
},
{
"english": "The Field of Mars",
"text": "Campus Mārtius",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Open flat level ground: a plain, a natural field."
],
"links": [
[
"Open",
"open"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin literary terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Plautus, Trin., 4, 1, 15",
"text": "...campī natantēs..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any flat or level surface."
],
"links": [
[
"Any",
"any"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) Any flat or level surface."
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"literary",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The comitia centuriāta, which met on the Campus Mārtius."
],
"links": [
[
"comitia centuriāta",
"comitia centuriāta"
],
[
"met",
"met"
],
[
"Campus Mārtius",
"Campus Mārtius"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A field of action: scope."
],
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"scope",
"scope"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A field of debate: a topic."
],
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"debate",
"debate"
],
[
"topic",
"topic"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An opportunity."
],
"links": [
[
"opportunity",
"opportunity"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The produce of a field."
],
"links": [
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"New Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"The campus of a university, college, or business."
],
"links": [
[
"university",
"university"
],
[
"college",
"college"
],
[
"business",
"business"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) The campus of a university, college, or business."
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkam.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkämpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkam.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkämpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "campus"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.