See bestia in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "bīstia",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: bīstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: bīstia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bishë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: bishë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: bishë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "bìsa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: bìsa, béssa (Bologna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: bìsa, béssa (Bologna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "bies'cia"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: bies'cia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: bies'cia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "biscia"
},
"expansion": "Italian: biscia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: biscia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bisse"
},
"expansion": "Old French: bisse, biche\nMiddle French: biche\nFrench: biche",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: bisse, biche\nMiddle French: biche\nFrench: biche"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "bescha"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: bescha\nGalician: bicha\nPortuguese: bicha\nPortuguese: bicho\nKabuverdianu: bitchu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: bescha\nGalician: bicha\nPortuguese: bicha\nPortuguese: bicho\nKabuverdianu: bitchu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bicho",
"3": "bicha"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: bicho, bicha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: bicho, bicha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "bis",
"3": "bise"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: bis, bise",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: bis, bise"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "bèsa"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: bèsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: bèsa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "bisa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: bisa, bìsa, bissa — alternative spellings, biso m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: bisa, bìsa, bissa — alternative spellings, biso m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aragonese: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aragonese: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: bestia\n→ Romanian: bestie\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: бѐштија, бе̏стија\nLatin script: bèštija, bȅstija",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: bestia\n→ Romanian: bestie\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: бѐштија, бе̏стија\nLatin script: bèštija, bȅstija"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "beste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: beste\nMiddle French: beste\nFrench: bête\nGallo: bestt\nNorman: baête (Cotentin), beyte (Pays de Caux, Pays de Rouen), beet (Sark)\n→ Middle Dutch: beest\nDutch: beest\nAfrikaans: bees\nJersey Dutch: bêst, beîśe\nNegerhollands: beest\n→ Papiamentu: bichi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beist\n→ Middle Low German: best\nLow German: Beest\n→ Danish: bæst\n→ German: Biest\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: beist, best\nNorwegian Nynorsk: beist\n→ Swedish: best\n→ Middle English: beeste, beste, beest, best, beast, beaste\nEnglish: beast\nScots: beast, baste, baist, baest, beist, best\nYola: beast",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: beste\nMiddle French: beste\nFrench: bête\nGallo: bestt\nNorman: baête (Cotentin), beyte (Pays de Caux, Pays de Rouen), beet (Sark)\n→ Middle Dutch: beest\nDutch: beest\nAfrikaans: bees\nJersey Dutch: bêst, beîśe\nNegerhollands: beest\n→ Papiamentu: bichi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beist\n→ Middle Low German: best\nLow German: Beest\n→ Danish: bæst\n→ German: Biest\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: beist, best\nNorwegian Nynorsk: beist\n→ Swedish: best\n→ Middle English: beeste, beste, beest, best, beast, beaste\nEnglish: beast\nScots: beast, baste, baist, baest, beist, best\nYola: beast"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "píast",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: píast, péist\nMiddle Irish: péist\nIrish: péist\nManx: beisht\nScottish Gaelic: bèist",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: píast, péist\nMiddle Irish: péist\nIrish: péist\nManx: beisht\nScottish Gaelic: bèist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "bèstia"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: bèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: bèstia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vèstia",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Sicilian: vèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Sicilian: vèstia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "bèstia"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: bèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: bèstia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "besta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: besta, bestia\nGalician: besta\nPortuguese: besta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: besta, bestia\nGalician: besta\nPortuguese: besta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "bestga",
"3": "biestg",
"4": "bestia",
"5": "bes-cha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romansch: bestga, biestg, bestia, bes-cha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romansch: bestga, biestg, bestia, bes-cha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бестия",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: бестия (bestija)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: бестия (bestija)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "beštia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: beštia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: beštia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: bestia\nPapiamentu: bestia",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: bestia\nPapiamentu: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetan: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetan: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "בעסטיע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: בעסטיע (bestye)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: בעסטיע (bestye)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "deer"
},
"expansion": "English deer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "w:History_of_Latin#Other_sequences"
},
"expansion": "w:History of Latin § Other sequences",
"name": "section link"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is unknown. A Proto-Indo-European preform *dʰwēstiā has been proposed, from the root *dʰwēs- (“to breathe”) (compare Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius) from *dʰwes- (“to breathe”); more at English deer), but this is uncertain, since an initial f- would be expected in Latin; it apparently follows instead the same initial change of duellum>bellum (see w:History of Latin § Other sequences).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bēstia",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bēstia<1>"
},
"expansion": "bēstia f (genitive bēstiae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bēstia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 1 13 13 9 11 8 0 1 1 0 2 2 6 13 1 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 1 13 13 9 11 9 0 1 1 0 3 3 6 13 1 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bēstiālis"
},
{
"english": "involving wild beasts; person who fights with wild beasts in the arena",
"word": "bēstiārius"
},
{
"english": "a little creature or beast",
"word": "bēstiola"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A lion, the strongest of beasts, who hath no fear of any thing he meeteth (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.)",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.30.30",
"text": "Leō fortissimus bēstiārum ad nūllīus pavēbit occursum."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a beast"
],
"id": "en-bestia-la-noun-jxkfOrtJ",
"links": [
[
"beast",
"beast"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bēlua"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "/ˈbeːs.ti.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "[ˈbeːs̠t̪iä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "/ˈbes.ti.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "[ˈbɛst̪iä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "bestia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bēstiālis"
},
{
"english": "involving wild beasts; person who fights with wild beasts in the arena",
"word": "bēstiārius"
},
{
"english": "a little creature or beast",
"word": "bēstiola"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "bīstia",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: bīstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: bīstia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bishë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: bishë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: bishë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "bìsa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: bìsa, béssa (Bologna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: bìsa, béssa (Bologna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "bies'cia"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: bies'cia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: bies'cia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "biscia"
},
"expansion": "Italian: biscia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: biscia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bisse"
},
"expansion": "Old French: bisse, biche\nMiddle French: biche\nFrench: biche",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: bisse, biche\nMiddle French: biche\nFrench: biche"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "bescha"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: bescha\nGalician: bicha\nPortuguese: bicha\nPortuguese: bicho\nKabuverdianu: bitchu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: bescha\nGalician: bicha\nPortuguese: bicha\nPortuguese: bicho\nKabuverdianu: bitchu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bicho",
"3": "bicha"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: bicho, bicha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: bicho, bicha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "bis",
"3": "bise"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: bis, bise",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: bis, bise"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "bèsa"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: bèsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: bèsa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "bisa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: bisa, bìsa, bissa — alternative spellings, biso m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: bisa, bìsa, bissa — alternative spellings, biso m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aragonese: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aragonese: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bestie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Bestie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Bestie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: bestia\n→ Romanian: bestie\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: бѐштија, бе̏стија\nLatin script: bèštija, bȅstija",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: bestia\n→ Romanian: bestie\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: бѐштија, бе̏стија\nLatin script: bèštija, bȅstija"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "beste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: beste\nMiddle French: beste\nFrench: bête\nGallo: bestt\nNorman: baête (Cotentin), beyte (Pays de Caux, Pays de Rouen), beet (Sark)\n→ Middle Dutch: beest\nDutch: beest\nAfrikaans: bees\nJersey Dutch: bêst, beîśe\nNegerhollands: beest\n→ Papiamentu: bichi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beist\n→ Middle Low German: best\nLow German: Beest\n→ Danish: bæst\n→ German: Biest\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: beist, best\nNorwegian Nynorsk: beist\n→ Swedish: best\n→ Middle English: beeste, beste, beest, best, beast, beaste\nEnglish: beast\nScots: beast, baste, baist, baest, beist, best\nYola: beast",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: beste\nMiddle French: beste\nFrench: bête\nGallo: bestt\nNorman: baête (Cotentin), beyte (Pays de Caux, Pays de Rouen), beet (Sark)\n→ Middle Dutch: beest\nDutch: beest\nAfrikaans: bees\nJersey Dutch: bêst, beîśe\nNegerhollands: beest\n→ Papiamentu: bichi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beist\n→ Middle Low German: best\nLow German: Beest\n→ Danish: bæst\n→ German: Biest\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: beist, best\nNorwegian Nynorsk: beist\n→ Swedish: best\n→ Middle English: beeste, beste, beest, best, beast, beaste\nEnglish: beast\nScots: beast, baste, baist, baest, beist, best\nYola: beast"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "píast",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: píast, péist\nMiddle Irish: péist\nIrish: péist\nManx: beisht\nScottish Gaelic: bèist",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: píast, péist\nMiddle Irish: péist\nIrish: péist\nManx: beisht\nScottish Gaelic: bèist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Occitan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "bèstia"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: bèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: bèstia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vèstia",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Sicilian: vèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Sicilian: vèstia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "bèstia"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: bèstia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: bèstia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "besta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: besta, bestia\nGalician: besta\nPortuguese: besta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: besta, bestia\nGalician: besta\nPortuguese: besta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "bestga",
"3": "biestg",
"4": "bestia",
"5": "bes-cha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romansch: bestga, biestg, bestia, bes-cha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romansch: bestga, biestg, bestia, bes-cha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бестия",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: бестия (bestija)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: бестия (bestija)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "beštia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: beštia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: beštia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: bestia\nPapiamentu: bestia",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: bestia\nPapiamentu: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "bestia",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetan: bestia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetan: bestia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "בעסטיע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: בעסטיע (bestye)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: בעסטיע (bestye)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "deer"
},
"expansion": "English deer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "w:History_of_Latin#Other_sequences"
},
"expansion": "w:History of Latin § Other sequences",
"name": "section link"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is unknown. A Proto-Indo-European preform *dʰwēstiā has been proposed, from the root *dʰwēs- (“to breathe”) (compare Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius) from *dʰwes- (“to breathe”); more at English deer), but this is uncertain, since an initial f- would be expected in Latin; it apparently follows instead the same initial change of duellum>bellum (see w:History of Latin § Other sequences).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bēstia",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bēstia<1>"
},
"expansion": "bēstia f (genitive bēstiae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bēstia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰwes-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A lion, the strongest of beasts, who hath no fear of any thing he meeteth (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.)",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.30.30",
"text": "Leō fortissimus bēstiārum ad nūllīus pavēbit occursum."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a beast"
],
"links": [
[
"beast",
"beast"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "/ˈbeːs.ti.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "[ˈbeːs̠t̪iä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "/ˈbes.ti.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"form": "bēstia",
"ipa": "[ˈbɛst̪iä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bēlua"
}
],
"word": "bestia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bestia meaning in Latin (11.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.