See -plex in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-plex"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-pleks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-pleks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleḱ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to plait, to weave"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "plicō",
"3": "-s",
"t1": "to fold"
},
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"name": "af"
},
{
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"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-plaks"
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{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "",
"3": "-𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"3": "-πλαξ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -πλαξ (-plax)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
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"4": "*-pleks"
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"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-pleks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "",
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},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "*pleh₂-",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed.\n*Possibly from Proto-Italic *-pleks, from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”), making it equivalent to plicō (“to fold”) + -s.\n* Possibly from Proto-Italic *-plaks, with regular reduction of Proto-Italic *-a- to Latin -e- in a non-initial closed syllable.\n* In either case, it may ultimately derive from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”). Compare -plus.\nPotential cognates include Umbrian -𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (-plak), found in 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak), and Ancient Greek -πλαξ (-plax), found in δίπλαξ (díplax) and τρίπλαξ (tríplax).\n* De Vaan 2008 derives Latin -plex from Proto-Italic *-pleks, from the e-grade of the root *pleḱ-, and Greek -πλαξ (-plax) from Proto-Indo-European *-pl̥ḱ-, the zero-grade ablaut variant of the same root. De Vaan considers the meaning and etymology of the Umbrian form to be unclear. At the same time, De Vaan reconstructs simplex as coming from Proto-Italic *sm̥-plak-s.\n* Others accept the Umbrian form as a cognate, which suggests Proto-Italic *-plaks: this complicates the etymology from *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”). Flemestad and Olsen 2017 treat all three of duplex, 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak), and δίπλαξ (díplax) as cognates, and prefer to derive them from the root *pel- (“fold”) combined with a suffix *-ak-.\n* Some argue that Greek -πλαξ (-plax) is not from *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”), but from an unrelated root found in πλάξ (pláx, “surface”), which van Beek 2022 identifies as coming from *plek‑ (“to strip, flay”).\n* Coleman 1992 suggests duplex and 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak) might be derived from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”), the root of plānus, which he considers to be an extension of *pel-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-plicis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"1": "-plex"
},
"expansion": "-plex (genitive -plicis); third-declension one-termination suffix",
"name": "la-suffix-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-plex"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension suffixes of one termination",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sem- (“one”) → simplex (“onefold, single, simple”)"
},
{
"text": "tri- (“three”) → triplex (“threefold”)"
},
{
"text": "quadri- (“four”) → quadruplex (“fourfold”)"
},
{
"text": "centum (“hundred”) → centiplex (“hundredfold”)"
},
{
"text": "multus (“many”) → multiplex (“manifold”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates adjectives specifying the number of times, -fold"
],
"id": "en--plex-la-suffix-2WDBwK~8",
"links": [
[
"-fold",
"-fold"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"one-termination",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɫɛks]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pleks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-plex"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-plex"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-pleks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-pleks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleḱ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to plait, to weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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{
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{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "",
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "",
"3": "-πλαξ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -πλαξ (-plax)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "itc-pro",
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"4": "*-pleks"
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"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-pleks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-pl̥ḱ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-pl̥ḱ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sm̥-plak-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *sm̥-plak-s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-plaks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-plaks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
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"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed.\n*Possibly from Proto-Italic *-pleks, from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”), making it equivalent to plicō (“to fold”) + -s.\n* Possibly from Proto-Italic *-plaks, with regular reduction of Proto-Italic *-a- to Latin -e- in a non-initial closed syllable.\n* In either case, it may ultimately derive from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”). Compare -plus.\nPotential cognates include Umbrian -𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (-plak), found in 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak), and Ancient Greek -πλαξ (-plax), found in δίπλαξ (díplax) and τρίπλαξ (tríplax).\n* De Vaan 2008 derives Latin -plex from Proto-Italic *-pleks, from the e-grade of the root *pleḱ-, and Greek -πλαξ (-plax) from Proto-Indo-European *-pl̥ḱ-, the zero-grade ablaut variant of the same root. De Vaan considers the meaning and etymology of the Umbrian form to be unclear. At the same time, De Vaan reconstructs simplex as coming from Proto-Italic *sm̥-plak-s.\n* Others accept the Umbrian form as a cognate, which suggests Proto-Italic *-plaks: this complicates the etymology from *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”). Flemestad and Olsen 2017 treat all three of duplex, 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak), and δίπλαξ (díplax) as cognates, and prefer to derive them from the root *pel- (“fold”) combined with a suffix *-ak-.\n* Some argue that Greek -πλαξ (-plax) is not from *pleḱ- (“to plait, to weave”), but from an unrelated root found in πλάξ (pláx, “surface”), which van Beek 2022 identifies as coming from *plek‑ (“to strip, flay”).\n* Coleman 1992 suggests duplex and 𐌕𐌖𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌊 (tuplak) might be derived from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”), the root of plānus, which he considers to be an extension of *pel-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-plicis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-plex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-plicia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-plex"
},
"expansion": "-plex (genitive -plicis); third-declension one-termination suffix",
"name": "la-suffix-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-plex"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension suffixes",
"Latin third declension suffixes of one termination",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sem- (“one”) → simplex (“onefold, single, simple”)"
},
{
"text": "tri- (“three”) → triplex (“threefold”)"
},
{
"text": "quadri- (“four”) → quadruplex (“fourfold”)"
},
{
"text": "centum (“hundred”) → centiplex (“hundredfold”)"
},
{
"text": "multus (“many”) → multiplex (“manifold”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates adjectives specifying the number of times, -fold"
],
"links": [
[
"-fold",
"-fold"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"one-termination",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɫɛks]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pleks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-plex"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -plex meaning in Latin (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.