See -을 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -을〮/ᄋᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: -úl/ól), from Old Korean 乙 (*-ur) in the early second millennium, from even earlier 肹 in the late first millennium. The post-vocalic form -를 (-reul) is probably formed by pre-Middle Korean reduplication, with the original form -ㄹ (-l) now relegated to colloquial speech.",
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"english": "I loved you.",
"roman": "Neo-reul saran-ghaesseo.",
"text": "너를 사랑했어.",
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"english": "to save a person",
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"roman": "busan-eul gada",
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"english": "to study",
"roman": "gongbu-reul hada",
"text": "공부를 하다",
"translation": "to study",
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"english": "to cheat on a test",
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"text": "커닝을 하다",
"translation": "to cheat on a test",
"type": "example"
}
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"The accusative particle, indicating the direct object of a verb."
],
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"english": "The baby did not cry.",
"roman": "Agi-neun ulji-reul anatda.",
"text": "아기는 울지를 않았다.",
"translation": "The baby did not cry.",
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"english": "The volleyball player did not lose the ball.",
"roman": "Baegu seonsu-neun gon-g'eul notchiji-reul anatda.",
"text": "배구 선수는 공을 놓치지를 않았다.",
"translation": "The volleyball player did not lose the ball.",
"type": "example"
}
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"In \"long negation\" constructions with -지 (-ji), attaches to the negated verb to add emphasis."
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"links": [
[
"-지",
"-지#Korean"
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"(southern Gyeongsang) Indicates the indirect object of a verb."
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"word": "-한테"
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"1": "-으ᇙ/ᄋᆞᇙ",
"2": "-ulq/olq"
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"expansion": "-으ᇙ/ᄋᆞᇙ (Yale: -ulq/olq)",
"name": "okm-inline"
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"2": "oko",
"3": "尸",
"tr": "*-(u)lq"
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"expansion": "Old Korean 尸 (*-(u)lq)",
"name": "inh"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -으ᇙ/ᄋᆞᇙ (Yale: -ulq/olq), from Old Korean 尸 (*-(u)lq).\nIn Old Korean, a (perhaps the) primary function of this suffix was to form verbal gerunds that could function as nouns, much as English -ing-forms serve as both independent nouns and to attribute nouns adjectivally; this nominalizing usage was only vestigial in Middle Korean and is wholly defunct today.",
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"english": "the people who are going to come to the party",
"roman": "pati-e ol saramdeul",
"text": "파티에 올 사람들",
"translation": "the people who are going to come to the party",
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"english": "the gift that I will give to my friend",
"roman": "chin'gu-ege jul seonmul",
"text": "친구에게 줄 선물",
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"type": "example"
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"english": "the bastard who ought to be killed",
"literal_meaning": "the bastard who [people] ought to kill",
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"text": "죽일 놈",
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"english": "At times when it rains, this street is submerged.",
"roman": "Bi-ga ol ttae i geori-neun jamginda.",
"text": "비가 올 때 이 거리는 잠긴다.",
"translation": "At times when it rains, this street is submerged.",
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"english": "You use crutches when you can't walk.",
"roman": "Mokbar-eun mot georeul ttae sayonghanda.",
"text": "목발은 못 걸을 때 사용한다.",
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"english": "water which should have been cold; water which I predict was cold",
"roman": "chagawosseul mul",
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"A verbal and adjectival irrealis adnominal suffix; generally equivalent to English \"that [one] will\" or \"who [one] will\", but not always with a future meaning; indicates the future intention of the subject, the inference of the subject about an event (whether past, present, or future), a general timeless fact, something that ought to be done, etc."
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"word": "-으리"
},
{
"roman": "-eurira",
"word": "-으리라"
},
{
"roman": "-eul geot gatda",
"word": "-을 것 같다"
},
{
"roman": "-eul geosida",
"word": "-을 것이다"
},
{
"roman": "-eulge",
"word": "-을게"
},
{
"roman": "-eulkka",
"word": "-을까"
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{
"roman": "-eulji",
"word": "-을지"
}
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"3": "乙",
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"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -을〮/ᄋᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: -úl/ól), from Old Korean 乙 (*-ur) in the early second millennium, from even earlier 肹 in the late first millennium. The post-vocalic form -를 (-reul) is probably formed by pre-Middle Korean reduplication, with the original form -ㄹ (-l) now relegated to colloquial speech.",
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"english": "I loved you.",
"roman": "Neo-reul saran-ghaesseo.",
"text": "너를 사랑했어.",
"translation": "I loved you.",
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"english": "to save a person",
"roman": "saram-eul sallida",
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"english": "to see a flower",
"roman": "kkoc-heul boda",
"text": "꽃을 보다",
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"english": "to go to Busan",
"roman": "busan-eul gada",
"text": "부산을 가다",
"translation": "to go to Busan",
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"english": "to study",
"roman": "gongbu-reul hada",
"text": "공부를 하다",
"translation": "to study",
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"english": "to cheat on a test",
"roman": "keonin-g'eul hada",
"text": "커닝을 하다",
"translation": "to cheat on a test",
"type": "example"
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],
"glosses": [
"The accusative particle, indicating the direct object of a verb."
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"english": "The baby did not cry.",
"roman": "Agi-neun ulji-reul anatda.",
"text": "아기는 울지를 않았다.",
"translation": "The baby did not cry.",
"type": "example"
},
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"english": "The volleyball player did not lose the ball.",
"roman": "Baegu seonsu-neun gon-g'eul notchiji-reul anatda.",
"text": "배구 선수는 공을 놓치지를 않았다.",
"translation": "The volleyball player did not lose the ball.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In \"long negation\" constructions with -지 (-ji), attaches to the negated verb to add emphasis."
],
"links": [
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"Indicates the indirect object of a verb."
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"raw_glosses": [
"(southern Gyeongsang) Indicates the indirect object of a verb."
],
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"word": "-한테"
},
{
"word": "-에게"
}
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"tags": [
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"Southern"
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"hangeul": "을"
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"2": "-ulq/olq"
},
"expansion": "-으ᇙ/ᄋᆞᇙ (Yale: -ulq/olq)",
"name": "okm-inline"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "oko",
"3": "尸",
"tr": "*-(u)lq"
},
"expansion": "Old Korean 尸 (*-(u)lq)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -으ᇙ/ᄋᆞᇙ (Yale: -ulq/olq), from Old Korean 尸 (*-(u)lq).\nIn Old Korean, a (perhaps the) primary function of this suffix was to form verbal gerunds that could function as nouns, much as English -ing-forms serve as both independent nouns and to attribute nouns adjectivally; this nominalizing usage was only vestigial in Middle Korean and is wholly defunct today.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-ㄹ",
"roman": "-l",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-을 • (-eul)",
"name": "ko-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-euri",
"word": "-으리"
},
{
"roman": "-eurira",
"word": "-으리라"
},
{
"roman": "-eul geot gatda",
"word": "-을 것 같다"
},
{
"roman": "-eul geosida",
"word": "-을 것이다"
},
{
"roman": "-eulge",
"word": "-을게"
},
{
"roman": "-eulkka",
"word": "-을까"
},
{
"roman": "-eulji",
"word": "-을지"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "-은"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
27
]
],
"english": "the people who are going to come to the party",
"roman": "pati-e ol saramdeul",
"text": "파티에 올 사람들",
"translation": "the people who are going to come to the party",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
13
],
[
16,
20
]
],
"english": "the gift that I will give to my friend",
"roman": "chin'gu-ege jul seonmul",
"text": "친구에게 줄 선물",
"translation": "the gift that I will give to my friend",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
25,
33
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
2
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
24
]
],
"english": "the bastard who ought to be killed",
"literal_meaning": "the bastard who [people] ought to kill",
"roman": "jugil nom",
"text": "죽일 놈",
"translation": "the bastard who ought to be killed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"english": "At times when it rains, this street is submerged.",
"roman": "Bi-ga ol ttae i geori-neun jamginda.",
"text": "비가 올 때 이 거리는 잠긴다.",
"translation": "At times when it rains, this street is submerged.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "You use crutches when you can't walk.",
"roman": "Mokbar-eun mot georeul ttae sayonghanda.",
"text": "목발은 못 걸을 때 사용한다.",
"translation": "You use crutches when you can't walk.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
28
]
],
"english": "water which should have been cold; water which I predict was cold",
"roman": "chagawosseul mul",
"text": "차가웠을 물",
"translation": "water which should have been cold; water which I predict was cold",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verbal and adjectival irrealis adnominal suffix; generally equivalent to English \"that [one] will\" or \"who [one] will\", but not always with a future meaning; indicates the future intention of the subject, the inference of the subject about an event (whether past, present, or future), a general timeless fact, something that ought to be done, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"irrealis",
"irrealis#English"
],
[
"adnominal",
"adnominal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɯɭ]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "을"
},
{
"other": "[을]"
}
],
"word": "-을"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -을 meaning in Korean (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.